Phoenix City Council Work Study Session on Budget and Housing - November 12, 2024
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Phoenix City Council Work Study Session on Budget and Housing - November 12, 2024
This work study session of the Phoenix City Council, chaired by the Mayor, covered two major topics: the fiscal year 2023-24 general fund budget results and a comprehensive update on the city's housing efforts, including a recently completed housing needs assessment. The meeting highlighted the city's strong fiscal management despite state-level revenue reductions, and showcased progress toward the Housing Phoenix Plan goal of creating or preserving 50,000 housing units by 2030, with 48,391 units already achieved as of September 2024.
Budget Discussion
- Presentation: Jeff Amber, Budget and Research Director, and Amber (Budget and Research team) presented the FY 2023-24 general fund results. General fund resources ended at $2,138.4 million (0.3% above estimate), expenditures at $1,844.9 million (0.6% under estimate), and the ending fund balance came in at $293.5 million, $16.9 million above the estimated $276.6 million. The $16.9 million in one-time savings will remain in the fund balance to offset future deficits.
- State Revenue Losses: The state's elimination of the residential rental tax (SB 1131) and reduction of the individual income tax rate to 2.5% (SB 1828) will cause significant revenue losses. Estimated FY 2024-25 loss to the general fund is $44.6 million, with total all-fund losses of $85.5 million. Through FY 2028, cumulative general fund losses are projected at $157.6 million, all funds at $302 million.
- Other Fiscal Challenges: Unfunded needs for homelessness programs (due to ARPA expiration) are $15 million in FY 2025-26 and $27 million ongoing; rising costs for health insurance, pension, facilities, and vehicles; expiring SAFER grant for 32 firefighter positions ($4.5-4.9 million); and potential impacts from Proposition 312 (property tax refunds for nuisance complaints).
- Budget Calendar: The budget development process will continue with a fund status update on February 25, 2025, trial budget on March 18, community engagement in April, proposed budget on May 6, and final adoption on June 18, 2025.
Housing Update
- Presentation: Deputy City Manager Gina Montez, Assistant Housing Director Aubrey Gonzalez, and Deputy Housing Director Samantha Keating presented the housing update, including progress on the Housing Phoenix Plan and a new housing needs assessment.
- Housing Phoenix Plan Progress: As of September 2024, 48,391 housing units (96% of the 2030 goal) have been created or preserved, with 22% affordable. Key initiatives included zoning code updates (e.g., ADUs citywide, parking reductions), redevelopment of city-owned land, expanded rental rehabilitation program (over 4,700 incentive payments, 900 new landlords to voucher program), and a community land trust for homeownership.
- Housing Needs Assessment: The assessment, supported by Bloomberg Associates, found a gap of 59,000 affordable and available rental units for households at or below 50% of area median income (AMI). The largest gap is at 30% AMI and below, with 32,000 units needed. From 2019 to 2022, median rents increased 47%, home prices 56%. To afford the median home price of $440,000 (July 2024), a household needs income of ~$135,000 (over 100% AMI). Naturally occurring affordable housing is decreasing, and short-term rentals (2% of rental stock) and out-of-state investor purchases (30% of pandemic-era sales) are reducing supply.
- City’s Role: Phoenix contains 57% of zoned acres for multifamily housing in Maricopa County and has the highest percentage of owner-occupied homes among the five largest U.S. cities. The city is advocating for increased federal housing choice voucher allocations (currently 9th among top 10 cities) and for state-level support, including continuation of the state tax credit and more low-income housing tax credit projects.
Council Member Comments and Positions
- Councilman Galindo Oliveira: Asked about consequences of underfunding police; staff explained it leads to growing unfunded pension liability. Also thanked staff.
- Councilwoman Hodge Washington: Praised budget accuracy; noted collective savings across departments. Expressed concern about Proposition 312 forcing litigation with residents. Called for a regional approach to homelessness. Commended housing staff for comprehensive report and highlighted the need for more housing choice vouchers.
- Councilwoman O'Brien: Thanked staff for fiscally conservative approach in setting aside one-time funds. Emphasized that legislative revenue cuts will impact public safety, parks, libraries, and pools. Noted that state cuts override voter-approved spending for public safety and streets.
- Councilwoman Pastor: Questioned the unfunded need for homelessness programs ($15M next year, $27M ongoing). Noted that rising costs are also unfunded needs. Called for serious conversations about essential vs. non-essential services. Urged celebration of housing accomplishments.
- Vice Mayor (Councilwoman Stark): Thanked staff; concerned about state revenue losses and aging infrastructure. Suggested toll booth joke for legislators. Asked for clarification on multifamily zoning percentage.
- Councilman Robinson: Praised housing report; linked stable housing to reduced crime and generational improvement.
Key Outcomes
- No formal votes were taken; the session was informational (work study).
- The council received the budget update and housing presentation with appreciation and direction to staff to continue monitoring revenue losses, explore extending affordability periods for LITEC projects, and consider adding signage to publicly funded housing projects.
- The budget calendar for FY 2025-26 will be on the next council agenda for approval.
- Staff will continue to advocate at the state and federal levels for increased housing funding and voucher allocations, and will track Proposition 312 impacts.
- The housing needs assessment will be used to inform future policy and budget decisions.
Meeting Transcript
Good afternoon. Before we do the call to order, I want to congratulate our newly re-elected council members on your successful campaigns. Also a huge thank you to Councilwoman O'Brien and Councilman Robinson who led a very successful campaign with Mo Stein for the overwhelming passage of the general plan. And thank you to Councilman Jim Waring for leading our campaign on home rule. Also incredibly successful. The city is in a much better place, and today will be a much more pleasant conversation. Thanks to those passages. All right, now I'll call the meeting to order. We do not have a roll call today, so we will go right into agenda item one, which is a discussion of our budget. This will begin what will be a long road of conversations about the city's budget. It hasn't been easy, but I'm proud of the work we have done to build a strong fiscal foundation since the economic downturn in 2008-2009. And you'll see some silver linings in the presentation today. We've had robust community engagement and common sense decision making. We've had throng strong growth over the past three fiscal years with a continued increase in investments and resources. And our constituents have played a big role. Led by Councilman Waring, they approved home rule on the ballot. They have also, led by Councilwoman Hodge Washington, approved 500 million in general obligation bond dollars towards major investments, ranging from affordable housing to building new fire stations in areas of high demand. And that is one of the topics we'll discuss today. As a result of state's budget negotiations, we are losing our ability to collect residential rental tax because the city of Phoenix has led the way in welcoming apartments and other types of rentals. This is a huge impact to us. And it is money our voters have allocated to fund police, fire transit, parks, and so much more. Some of the good news is the incredible work that our team has done in pursuing grants, particularly from the federal government. And so I will thank Jeff Amber and the entire budget and research team for their work. And so I will introduce Jeff to start this presentation. Mayor, members of the council, good afternoon. Thank you for giving us this opportunity in time to discuss the results from 23-24. Mayor, I think you you had a perfect segue into the presentation that we are going to give today. And I do want to give kudos first and foremost to you and your counterparts on the dais for helping us navigate the storms over the last couple of years. You know, last year was a particularly tough year as you, the council committed to certain things as far as what what your employees were going to receive in terms of compensation, as well as what services we were going to continue providing to our residents. And in the aftermath of doing all that, the state pulls a fast one and takes lots of revenue from us from two different state actions. But we were still fortunate and able to balance our budget because of your wherewithal and your insight and the hard work of our good budget and research team led by Amber. And we're going to hear about that today, how well and how great they are at forecasting our revenues. And I don't think there's another budget department in the entire country that can get as accurate as we do and have done over the over the past you know few years. So today you will hear, as you mentioned, some dark clouds, but there is a silver lining, and I think the silver lining is I think that together with the council, your hard work, your dedication, your direction, and the expertise of our budget and research department and our departments that provide those services. I think we can definitely navigate those storms, but it's not going to be easy. And so with that, I'll turn it over to Amber. Thank you, Jeff. Thank you, Mayor, members of the council and residents. Today I'm pleased to be here to present to you the fiscal 2324 general fund budget results. I'll go over the results, and then I'll talk about some budget challenges that we will be facing as we construct the 25-26 budget as well as our multi-year forecast. I'll then talk about next steps in our budget development process, and I'll provide an overview of our 2526 budget calendar that is on the council agenda tomorrow for approval. So for 2324, our general fund resources were estimated at 2,132.1 million. We ended slightly above that at 2,138.4 million for a variance of just three tenths of a percent or 6.3 million more than what was estimated. For our general fund expenditures, we estimated 1 billion 855.5 million. We came in slightly under that at 1,844.9 million for a variance of six tenths of a percent or 10.6 million under the estimate. Arriving at a 2324 general fund inning balance that was estimated at 276.6 million, coming in higher at 293.5 million. That's 16.9 million is considered one-time savings. It'll remain in the fund balance. I'll count for that as we construct our 25-26 budget status. So some budget challenges we're going to be facing as we move forward.
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