The Dayton City Commission met on September 3, 2025, at 23:49 UTC (7:49 PM EDT) for a regular business meeting. The agenda included presentations on the sister city relationship with Salfita, Palestine, and the semi-annual Independent Accountability Audit (IAA) of police misconduct complaints; consideration of city manager recommendations, including a legal settlement with Dayton Power and Light (AES) and a contract modification for the West Pod police station; legislation on airport grants and property appropriation; and public comments. Consent Calendar - Approval of minutes from the August 27, 2025 meeting (motion and second; passed unanimously on voice vote). Presentations - Sister City Proclamation: Mayor Mims presented a proclamation to Inas Abfatah, coordinator for the Dayton–Salfita (Palestine) sister city relationship, recognizing her exemplary leadership and welcoming her five-day visit. Ms. Abfatah spoke about discussions with city leaders, Central State University, and Sinclair College regarding water resource challenges in Salfita. - Independent Accountability Audit (IAA): Attorney Jasmine Jones (Frost Brown Todd) presented the second semi-annual IAA report for 2025 (January 1–June 30, 2025). Key findings: - 89 specific allegations from 32 events (citizen-generated complaints). - Over time, complaints declined compared to prior years (2021–2023). - Of citizen complaints: 26 unfounded, 20 exonerated, 0 not sustained, 3 sustained, 1 in progress. - IAA reviewed 26 unfounded complaints: agreed 11 as unfounded, found 1 not sustained, 2 exonerated, and 12 under review (not unfounded due to some supporting evidence). - Three sustained complaints (discourtesy/disrespect, policy violation) resolved within 90 days; discipline was training memos, which IAA agreed with. - IAA reviewed 95 complaint receipts from 2024; determined 3 should have been classified as citizen complaints. - One critical incident (officer-involved) reported, still under investigation. - Observations: complaint process addresses law/policy violations but not discretionary acts that may cause harm; standardized correspondence may appear indifferent. - Recommendations: conduct a survey of complainants, review correspondence tone, and explore de-escalation best practices. - Commissioners praised the report; Commissioner Joseph highlighted a decline in complaints since the complaint process was made more accessible. City Manager Recommendations - Item 2 (Service Agreement with Broombro Construction): Contract modification to complete the West Pod police station in West Dayton (funded by Dayton Recovery Plan), now a $10+ million investment. - Item E9 (Legal Settlement with Dayton Power and Light/AES): Results of negotiation: reduced residential charge from $22 to $9.75; obtained $1 million for bill payment assistance; eliminated reconnection fees for residential customers; commitment to extend the disadvantaged community energy initiative ($7.8 million previously obtained for housing rehab). Commissioner Slauson requested details on the vendor selection process for the $7.8 million program; City Manager stated applications open this fall. Commissioner Shaw asked whether small businesses also benefit from reconnection fee waiver; City Manager agreed to clarify and note for next rate case. - Motion to approve city manager recommendations passed unanimously. Legislation - Second reading: Resolution 6884-25 authorizing acceptance of a $15 million FAA Airport Terminal Program grant for improvements at Dayton International and Wright Brothers airports. Approved (5-0). - First reading: Resolution 6886-25 declaring intention to appropriate property for the Salem Avenue Reconstruction Phase 4 project. Introduced. Public Comments & Testimony - Kevin Keller (3922 East Street): Expressed concerns about deteriorating roads (Smithville Road potholes), potential return of red light/speed cameras, narrow streets leading to vehicle side-swipes, and paving over curbs causing flooding. Also asked about restoring the historic diner building. - Christine Lincoln (1000 Birch Street, Springfield): Gave a harrowing personal account of being sexually assaulted on February 1, 2025. She criticized the responding lieutenant and detective for lack of empathy, dismissing her case despite DNA evidence, and failing to retrieve her phone from the scene. Stated her case was closed and pleaded for the Commission to ensure survivors are treated with dignity. She believes the attacker will kill if not held accountable. - Ray Hollingsworth (4438 Hoover Avenue): Represented residents of Cornell Drive. Angrily reported that a burned-down store (destroyed in March 2025) remains uncleaned. Noted dumpsters placed by the city have become a dumping ground causing odor. Alleged the city delayed or misled residents. Gave an ultimatum: clean up by Monday 5 PM or the community will escalate the matter. Key Outcomes - Minutes approved (unanimous). - Sister city proclamation formally presented and welcomed. - IAA report received; commissioners expressed support and directed staff to follow up on recommendations. - City manager recommendations approved (unanimous). - FAA grant resolution passed (5-0). - Public comments were acknowledged; City Manager Dixteen responded: - Red light/speed cameras in school zones are under consideration (state law allows them without police presence). - Smithville Road repaving is scheduled for 2026–2028 due to reconstruction scope. - Cornell Drive demolition is a private property matter; the city has cited the contractor for delays and is pursuing enforcement. - Commissioner Slauson requested updates on the Cornell Drive cleanup and asked for a follow-up on the investigation into Ms. Lincoln's assault. - Farewell: Commissioner Shaw recognized legislative aide Jagger Besseter, who is departing; commissioners thanked him for his service.
Public Meetings - Dayton, Ohio
Public Meetings - Dayton, OhioDeputy Chief Eric Henderson presented a comprehensive update on the implementation of police reform recommendations stemming from the 2020 city commission committees. The presentation covered progress on 142 recommendations, including body-worn cameras, use of force policies, accreditation, complaint processes, and recruiting. Commissioners asked questions and offered comments on specific items, with no votes taken. Discussion Items - Implementation Progress: Out of 142 recommendations from the 2020 reform committees, 134 (94%) have been implemented, 4 are in progress, and 4 were found not feasible due to cross-coordination challenges or negative community impact. The full implementation tracker is available on the city commission transparency website. - Body-Worn Cameras: Over 400 body-worn cameras are deployed, including for parking enforcement aides and arson investigators. Annual cost is $871,000 for technology, personnel to redact videos, and support. 120 in-car cameras are also maintained. - Use of Force: The use of force committee meets twice a year; the 2024 annual force report was published on DaytonOhio.gov. ICAT (Integrating Communications and Tactics) training from the Police Executive Research Forum was finalized in 2022 and is now used for de-escalation. De-escalation attempts are tracked only when a use of force occurs. Deputy Chief Henderson cited a recent incident where a suspect fired at officers and a drone, but the situation was resolved peacefully through de-escalation. - Accreditation: In April 2025, the Dayton Police Department received accreditation from the Ohio Collaborative, one of the first 10 agencies in Ohio to do so. The process includes 32 standards and annual on-site assessments. - Mediation Response Unit (MRU): Fully staffed with 8 personnel (coordinator, supervisor, 6 field responders) since May 2022, operating Monday–Friday, 8 a.m. to 8 p.m. They have handled approximately 7,000 calls, including neighbor troubles, disorderly conduct, and juvenile welfare checks. Officers frequently request MRU assistance for appropriate situations. - Recruiting and Diversity: Full-time recruiters are in place (Tony Murphy and Casey Cantrell for the 30x30 initiative to increase female representation to 30% by 2030). The 117th academy class started with 35 recruits (largest in 20+ years), though attrition reduced a later class from 32 to 25. A full-time lieutenant audited the academy and recommended changes to adapt to generational shifts. Diversity statistics: minority (non-white and female) representation has increased; female officers are about 16–17%; black officer representation declined due to the Deferred Retirement Option Program (2003–2012) but is trending upward. - Four Recommendations in Progress: 1. Incorporating complaints into annual performance metrics (goal: 90% resolved within 3 months; currently at 89% for first half of 2025). 2. Cadet program in collaboration with Montgomery County and the state (challenges with funding and certification for 18- to 20-year-olds). 3. Hiring interview panel (re-established neighborhood campus for recruits in 2025, interview process planned for 2026). 4. Traffic stop analysis (working with University of Cincinnati researchers; challenges include denominator data and risk of misuse if not done correctly). - Traffic Stop Audits: Random monthly audits of 15 calls for service, 15 subject stops, and 15 traffic stops are conducted by contractor retirees to ensure body camera activation and proper conduct. - Independent Accountability Auditor: The firm Ross Brown and Todd continues to serve; they attend Community Appeals Board meetings, have direct access to the IA Pro system, and provide updates quarterly (last update March 15, 2025; next September 2025). - Community Orientations: The Human Relations Council (HRC) has held five community orientation days for police recruits, often combined with fire department recruits, to improve understanding of Dayton's diverse community. - Other Initiatives: - The Community Appeals Board legislation was updated in 2023; it continues to meet and provide citizen oversight. - The Police Complaint Process now includes an online portal linked to the IAPRO system, accessible via the police website, Dayton Mediation Center, and Human Relations Council. - Know Your Rights forms and community education sessions are ongoing, often in partnership with HRC and legal experts. Key Outcomes - No votes or formal decisions were taken during this update session. - Deputy Chief Henderson noted that the department is turning a corner on recruiting, with more candidates than positions available for the first time in years. The goal is to maintain an average of 365 officers with two academy classes per year (e.g., 32 in November 2025, likely 32 in May 2026, with a smaller November 2026 class). - Commissioners expressed appreciation for the progress and asked follow-up questions: Commissioner McLean emphasized that the Independent Accountability Auditor should focus on preventing future complaints, not just attending Community Appeals Board hearings. Commissioner addressed concerns about the traffic stop analysis recommendation, noting the need to ensure fair enforcement. Commissioner Williams asked about the cadet program challenges and the recovery of interest in law enforcement. Commissioner discussed de-escalation culture and the difficulty of capturing all de-escalation attempts. Commissioner asked about the homegrown girls program, which has had limited success recently. - Deputy Chief Henderson committed to providing a list of the four recommendations deemed not feasible, which include not interviewing juveniles and a youth diversion program (already covered by Montgomery County programs). - The next update on the Independent Accountability Auditor is expected in September 2025.
The Dayton City Commission met on August 27, 2025, to approve routine items, hear presentations on demolitions and the annual city survey, pass an emergency resolution to place a hospital levy on the November 2025 ballot, and receive public comments. The meeting began with the Pledge of Allegiance, a prayer, roll call (all commissioners present), and approval of the minutes from the August 20 meeting. Consent Calendar - Minutes: Approved unanimously from the August 20 meeting. - City Manager’s Recommendations: Approved as a block, including: - Service agreement with Traffic Management USA Inc. for red-light and speed camera compliance (5-year contract with two 1-year options, improved costs and technology). - Store Street enhancement project (lighting, bump-outs) – Commissioner Loss asked about signage and education to prevent damage to new bump-outs; staff committed to enhanced signage and public awareness. - Other calendar items (no further details provided in transcript). Presentations 1. Monthly Demolition Update (Steve Gondo, Director of Planning, Neighborhoods & Development) - July 2025 results: 19 demolitions completed (all ARPA-funded), 8 piles removed, 3 emergency demolitions. Total of 160 demolitions year-to-date, 77% of last year’s pace. 54 piles remain. - Pipeline: 149 properties through asbestos remediation; 12 new structural nuisances added in July (5 due to fire, 7 due to blight). - Focus areas: South Dayton, Southern Dayton View, Edgemont, Miami Chapel, McFarland, Twin Towers; now moving along Main Street corridor (Santa Clara area). - Before/after photos: 40 West Fairview, 222 West Fairview, 132/134/204 Cambridge, 1710 Home Avenue, 155 North Marion. - Discussion: Commissioner Loss raised concerns about backfill at 203 Grove (pooling water), debris at 300 Fernwood (still sitting), and 3816 Necgo Avenue (delayed). He also asked for proactive measures to secure blighted structures before winter to prevent unhoused individuals from entering, and requested a memo on best practices for encampment removals. Staff confirmed coordination with human services and first responders. Commissioner Fairchild clarified that 2022 demolitions are included in the total 1,168 planned demolitions, noted some pipeline numbers may include already-demolished properties. Commissioners praised the work. 2. Annual Dayton Survey (Ned Gann, Division Manager for Management & Budget) - Methodology: 13,000 randomly selected households receive surveys from ETC Institute (scientific design); expected 10% response rate (1,300 responses). Incentive: $500 Visa gift card drawing. - Arrival: Surveys started arriving the week of August 25, 2025. Residents can respond by mail or online (with PIN). Translation services available. Anonymous; results public on city dashboard by Q1 2026. - Questions unchanged from prior years to maintain trend analysis; slight language adjustments. Commissioner Fairchild asked about separate police interaction surveys (via MyAxon); staff confirmed those are summarized annually and can be shared. Public Comments & Testimony - Bishop Richard Cox (President, Clergy Community Coalition; 10453 Liscombe Drive) – Expressed support for the hospital levy initiative, thanked the commission for passing the emergency resolution, and urged collaboration. Represented citizens who are disabled, uninsured, or underinsured. Stated coalition’s intent to work with public officials. - David Wood (3230 Late View Avenue) – Raised personal concerns about a legal case involving Judge Angela Jackson, Inglewood Police, and Kettering Hospital regarding his father’s death. Requested the commission ask the judge to subpoena witnesses and have television coverage. He also mentioned wanting to clear his name to start a ministry. Legislation Emergency Resolution 6885-25 – Hospital Levy on November 4, 2025 Ballot - Background: Petitioners submitted signatures June 25; commission did not approve; additional 1,250 signatures obtained and verified by Board of Elections August 18; resolution of necessity passed last week; county auditor’s certificate of valuation received. - Action: Resolution to proceed and accept auditor’s certificate, required 60 days before general election. Declared emergency for immediate passage. - Vote: Roll call: Mayor Mims – aye; Commissioner Joseph – aye; Commissioner Shaw – aye; Commissioner Fairchild – abstain; Commissioner Turner Sloss – aye. Passed. Other Ordinances/Resolutions (Readings) - Second Reading – Ordinance 32156-25: Amended official zoning map to establish Plan Development 191 for 1.8 acres at 2922 London Avenue. Vote: All aye (Mayor, Commissioner Joseph, Shaw, Turner Sloss; Fairchild not recorded but presumably aye). Passed. - First Reading – Resolution 6884-25: Authorized accepting up to $15 million FAA Airport Terminal Program grant for improvements at Dayton International and Wright Brothers Airports. No vote yet. - Second Reading – Resolution 6882-25: Approved submission of grant applications to Montgomery County Public Works Commission for State Issue 1 Program (capital improvements up to $3,889,086). Vote: Mayor, Joseph, Shaw, Turner Sloss aye; Fairchild aye. Passed. Key Outcomes - Hospital levy placed on November 4, 2025 ballot (emergency resolution passed 4-0-1 abstention). - Demolition program on track with 160 completed in 2025; staff to address specific property concerns (203 Grove, 300 Fernwood, 3816 Necgo) and provide memo on best practices for securing blighted structures and encampment removals. - Annual city survey launched; results expected in early 2026. - Routine items (minutes, city manager recommendations) approved. - Commissioner Loss requested an update on the Greater Dayton Recreation Center pool (closed for years). - Upcoming events: Reggae Fest (Aug 30), Girls in Aviation STEM Day (Sep 28), Miami Valley Urban League college tours, Global Roots Dayton River Fest (Oct 4), and fall swim lessons starting soon. Closing Comments Commissioners thanked staff, highlighted community events, and reminded residents of emergency preparedness ahead of Labor Day.
The Dayton City Commission met on August 21, 2025, to address a wide range of items including approvals of minutes, a proclamation honoring a citizen's heroism, introduction of a resolution to place a hospital property tax levy on the ballot, public hearings on two car-wash zoning applications, and extensive public testimony on LGBTQ+ safe-haven protections and other community concerns. Consent Calendar - Minutes from August 13, 2025: Approved unanimously. Proclamation & Recognitions - Proclamation – Sydney Billingsley Day: The commission proclaimed August 20, 2025, as "Miss Sydney Billingsley Day" in honor of her heroic actions on June 8, 2025, when she provided first aid and called 911 for a shooting victim, saving his life. Reverend Derek Dillard Stone and family members spoke in support, noting the victim survived eight gunshot wounds. Discussion Items - Addition of Legislation & Emergency Resolution: City Manager Dixteen requested the addition of legislation for public hearings and an emergency resolution (6883-25) declaring it necessary to levy a tax in excess of the 10‑mill limitation to place a hospital levy on the ballot. Law Director Barbara Dosek explained the procedural steps required by the city charter after a citizen-initiative petition received the necessary 1,250 new signatures. The resolution directs the county auditor to certify estimated property tax revenue; subsequent steps must be completed before the September 3 deadline for the November 4 election. Commissioner Thomas Laws asked for clarification on the estimated tax impact; the law director provided a rough estimate of approximately $2 million annually at 100% collection, pending the auditor's certified report. Commissioner Turner Sloss inquired about when the resolution was made available; the law director stated it was shared with commissioners on the day of the meeting due to the tight timeline. - Zoning Case PLN 2025-00182 – Linden Avenue Car Wash: Planning staff presented a request from Expresswash Concepts to redevelop a former Rite Aid at 2922 Linden Avenue into a Flying Ace car wash. Staff noted the site's proximity to residential areas and recommended a six-foot masonry wall for sound mitigation. The applicant's attorney and representative described a $3–4 million investment, 12–17 local jobs, and a commitment to landscaping and community engagement. The Linden Heights Community Council and Southeast Land Use Board had recommended approval. The commission voted to proceed with first reading of the ordinance (32156-25), allowing the plan development to move to final plan review by the Plan Board. - Zoning Case PLN 2025-00183 – Wilmington Avenue Car Wash: Planning staff presented a second Expresswash Concepts application for 1158 Wilmington Avenue, also a former Rite Aid. This site is in a more pedestrian-heavy area near residential neighborhoods, parks, and a senior living facility. The Plan Board had recommended denial on concerns about noise, traffic, and property values. The applicant's attorney and representative argued that a car wash would be an improvement over the vacant building, offered to relocate the building exit/entrance to reduce noise, and submitted traffic and noise studies showing minimal impact. Several nearby residents spoke in opposition, citing existing congestion, noise from blowers and vacuums, and safety for pedestrians using assistive devices. The commission voted to remand the application back to the Plan Board for further consideration of noise mitigation, traffic solutions, and potential community benefits. A motion to remand passed unanimously. - Safe Haven Resolution: During public comments, 11 citizens spoke in favor of adopting a Safe Haven Resolution to protect LGBTQ+ individuals from discrimination and violence. Speakers cited personal experiences, mental health crises among trans youth, and the hostile state climate. City Manager Dixteen noted the city's long-standing support for LGBTQ+ rights, including a 2017 anti-conversion therapy ordinance, and stated that the law department is actively reviewing a community-drafted resolution and will return to the commission with recommendations. - Other Public Comments: Additional speakers addressed concerns about Phoenix Next community policing (Lynn Lamance), a closed rehab facility and infrastructure issues (Annette Gibson Strong), personal safety and housing (Kee Cummins), recovery awareness (Gilbert Dillard), speeding on East Third Street (Kevin Keller), and a complaint about police in Kettering (David Woods). Commissioners acknowledged each issue and committed to follow-up. Key Outcomes - Minutes approved from August 13, 2025. - Proclamation declaring August 20, 2025, as Sydney Billingsley Day adopted. - Emergency Resolution 6883-25 (hospital tax levy of necessity) passed on second reading by a vote of 4 ayes, 1 abstention. The resolution directs the county auditor to certify tax revenue estimates, with a follow-up resolution to proceed required before September 3, 2025. - Zoning Ordinance 32156-25 (Plan Development for Linden Avenue car wash) received first reading and will proceed to final plan review by the Plan Board. - Wilmington Avenue car wash application remanded to the Plan Board for additional study of noise, traffic, and design modifications. The commission directed staff to facilitate discussions with neighboring residents. - Safe Haven Resolution review to continue; law department to complete analysis and return to commission. - Various community concerns logged for follow-up by city staff and relevant departments.
The City of Dayton's Planning, Neighborhoods, and Development team presented an overview of active development projects across the city, covering the last 6 to 12 months. The update highlighted partnerships, leveraging city dollars to attract private and other public funding, and reported over $2 billion in total investment since 2021, with the city contributing no more than 6%. Discussion Items - West Dayton: $79.2 million in active projects, including: Dayton Children's West Side Urgent Care ($10M private), Boys & Girls Club of Greater Dayton ($20M total, $250K city), DuPont Polymers expansion ($19M, retaining 82 jobs and creating 5), Dayton Police Station West Pod ($9.2M city ARPA), Welcome Home program ($5.4M total, $4.2M city), Greater West Dayton Business Incubator ($3.5M total, $1M city ARPA), Foo Bank community center ($2M private), Exoberger LLC restaurant ($500K total, $50K city), and strategic demolition ($500K). - North Central Dayton: $73 million Magnus Capital housing project (260 workforce units, $2M city ARPA); Commodore Windsor Group ($8M, 43 units); Salem Avenue Rebuild ($6.7M city, Phase 5 from Emerson to Ellsmore); Longfellow School Housing ($40M, $1.5M ARPA, 125 senior units); Welcome Home in Dayton View Triangle & Fairview ($5.4M total, $4.2M city); Main Street Rebuild ($9.6M public); Hoover Senior Loss Phase 3 ($16.9M total, $1.5M ARPA, $1.2M home funds, 40 senior units); Cambridge House Apartments 2 ($15.2M, 54 affordable units). - Northeast Dayton & Airport Area: $23.6 million in projects: Dayton Phoenix Group expansion ($4.5M, $200K city, retaining 223 jobs, creating 115); Point Housing Project ($3.1M, $1.5M ARPA, 19 market-rate units); Kinship Care Housing ($16M, $1.2M ARPA, 26 affordable units for multi-generational families). Additional $131M investment: Sierra Nevada Corporation hangars 3 & 4 ($100M, $4.3M city, 50 new jobs, currently employing 65); Jovi Aviation phase 1 ($5.1M, 30 new jobs); Wright Brothers Airport North Point Developers Building 1 ($26M, 600 new jobs). - Southeast Dayton: $131 million in new construction, including: On Maine project at former Fairgrounds ($110M, $7.8M city bond/general fund, 300 jobs, digital innovation center); University of Dayton Recreation Plex expansion. - Greater Downtown: Almost $200 million in projects: Dayton Convention Center Hotel Development ($55M public-private); $43 East Third Street Redevelopment ($9M, $1.5M city, 60 jobs); 239 Wayne Avenue St. Paul's Church ($22M private, boutique hotel and retail); Center City Redevelopment ($110M, $10M city, 217 affordable housing units). - Overall Investment Snapshot 2025: Total investment $743.5M, city contributed $59M, ratio $12.60 to $1 (every $12 invested, city provided $1). Housing units: 772 affordable, 112 market-rate. New jobs pledged: 1,160; jobs retained: 305. - Historical Investment (Jan 2021 - Jul 2025): West Dayton over $300M (city $8.4M, 2.8%); North Central $228M (city $17.1M, 7.5%); Downtown $720.8M (city $36.2M, 5%); Southeast $279.4M (city $5.8M, 2.1%); Northeast/Airport $605M (city $10M, 1.6%). - Community Engagement: Continued work with partners on placemaking, branding, wayfinding, neighborhood plans, environmental justice, strategic corridor improvements, and information sharing. Key Outcomes - The presentation was informational; no votes or formal decisions were taken. The update summarized current and planned development activity across Dayton's neighborhoods.
The Dayton City Commission met on the morning of August 13, 2025, at 1:57 PM UTC (9:57 AM EDT). The meeting included approval of routine items, discussion of homelessness prevention grants, public comments from three citizens, and passage of several legislative items. Commissioner Shaw was excused from the meeting. Consent Calendar - Approval of Minutes: The minutes from the August 6, 2025 meeting were approved unanimously. - City Manager's Recommendations: Items 3, 4, and 5 were approved unanimously. These are service agreements totaling $652,000 from federal Emergency Solutions Grant (ESG) funding for homelessness prevention programs: - Item 3: Grant agreement with Homefull for school-based prevention and eviction prevention, including legal assistance for high-risk households in subsidized public housing. This program has served 40 households per year over the past decade. - Item 4: Grant agreement with Homefull for the Rapid Rehousing Program to serve those experiencing homelessness or at risk. This program served 100 households last year. - Item 5: Grant agreement with Homefull for maintenance and operation expenses at the Gateway Men’s Shelter, which serves 200–300 men per night. - Legislation – Second Readings: - Emergency Resolution No. 6878-25: Authorizing continued participation in the multi-jurisdictional hazard management plan with Montgomery County. Passed unanimously. - Ordinance No. 32155-25: Amending the official zoning map to change zoning of 0.21 acres at 742 and 746 Belmont Park North from MR-5 to Campus Institutional (CI). Passed unanimously. Public Comments & Testimony Three citizens addressed the Commission: - Kimaru Watenza (1200 West Grand Avenue) raised concerns about blighted houses on Ferguson Avenue that should have been demolished. He noted that a property bought by an out-of-state entity was rented to families, then condemned by the city due to code violations. He questioned why the demolition contractor, Blade Cutters, has not hired Black workers from Dayton in skilled positions, describing the crew as "lily white." - David Woods (3230 Lake View Avenue) spoke about alleged misconduct by police and hospital staff regarding his father's care. He claimed that lies from police led to him being trespassed from seeing his father before his father died, causing emotional distress. He urged the public to contact the Kettering Chief of Police, Kettering Hospital, and the Civil Rights Commission to investigate. - Darrell Lee (1903 East Third Street) spoke about father's rights, his own experience being shot 12 times, and his belief that the perpetrator should face a longer sentence. He also criticized the justice system for failing to protect him and his children, and raised concerns about homelessness and the lack of support for fathers in case plans. Discussion Items - Homelessness Prevention Grants: Commissioner Turner Slaughter thanked staff for the grants and asked about the effectiveness of the Rapid Rehousing Program, noting that some participants become unhoused again after the 12–18 month rental assistance ends. She requested a follow-up memo on how the system prevents recidivism. The City Manager (Ms. Dixteen) responded that an evaluation by Montgomery County is underway to identify gaps and improve permanent supportive housing. Commissioner Turner Slaughter also asked about prior ARPA funding used for the Gateway Men’s Shelter, to which the City Manager said a detailed memo would be provided. Commissioner Fairchild praised the coordinated homelessness system, noting it has been under development since 2006 and will help the city weather federal funding threats. - Demolition and Participation Goals: In response to Mr. Watenza's comments, Commissioner Turner Slaughter noted that the Human Relations Council (HRC) sets participation goals for demolition projects, and encouraged follow-up with HRC. Commissioner Fairchild suggested reviewing whether Blade Cutters met their participation goals and noted that the city broke demolition contracts into smaller pieces to encourage new contractors. She also offered to check if the Ferguson Avenue houses are on the list of 1,100 homes to be demolished with ARPA funds. - Legislation – First Readings: Two resolutions were introduced and read for the first time: - Resolution No. 6879-25: Declaring intention to appropriate real property interests in parcels 98T and 117T for the Salem Avenue Reconstruction Phase 4 project. - Resolution No. 6880-25: Declaring intention to appropriate real property interests in parcels 13SH and 25T for the Finley Street Reconstruction Project. Key Outcomes - Approved Unanimously: Minutes from August 6, 2025; city manager’s recommendations (items 3, 4, and 5); Emergency Resolution No. 6878-25; Ordinance No. 32155-25. - Introduced: First readings of two appropriation resolutions (Nos. 6879-25 and 6880-25) were placed on the floor for future consideration. - Upcoming Session: A development update work session was announced to be held immediately after the meeting in the PRC. - General Announcements: Commissioners noted upcoming community events, including the Dayton African American Cultural Festival (August 16–17), Porch Fest (August 16), Mojo Flo live entertainment at the Levitt Pavilion (August 14), and the start of Dayton Public Schools.
The Dayton City Commission convened on August 7, 2025, for a regular meeting that included recognition of the award-winning Western Stars Drill Team, multiple legislative actions, a public hearing on a rezoning request, and extensive public testimony focused on housing affordability, rental conditions, and encampment removals. The Commission approved routine items, passed several ordinances and resolutions, and heard from 13 registered citizens during the public comment period. Consent Calendar - Approved the minutes from the July 30, 2025 meeting (voice vote, all ayes). - Excused Commissioner Fairchild from the meeting (motion and second, voice vote all ayes). - Approved the city manager's recommendations (motion and second, voice vote all ayes). Public Comments & Testimony Thirteen citizens registered to speak on a range of housing and community issues. Key speakers and their positions included: - Cheyenne Myrick (3730 Delphus Avenue): Expressed support for the Dayton Tenants Union's call to allocate meaningful funding into the Housing Trust Fund, specifically for home repairs and improved living conditions for tenants. She highlighted the link between poor housing and infant mortality, sharing a story of a client forced to leave Dayton due to landlord neglect. - Kathy Rao (114 Green Street): Criticized the City's removal of an encampment at Macintosh Park on August 7, stating no warning was given and that social services were not present. She requested at least a 10-day notice and better coordination with service providers. She noted that Dayton United Human Rights issued a press statement and will send a letter. - David Woods (3230 Lake View Avenue): Voiced opposition to Kettering Health Network, alleging that a doctor caused his father's death and that the hospital failed to provide information to his family. He called for a boycott of Kettering Hospital and requested investigations by the Civil Rights Commission. - Ray Allison (109 Maple Avenue): Represented the Dayton Tenants Union as a board member. He advocated for a rental registry and inspection program modeled after Centerville, Ohio, which inspects all rental units every two years. He submitted exhibits A–F to the public record. - Davion Malone (3536 PMI Avenue): Spoke about the difficulties of homelessness and called for refurbishing abandoned houses for affordable housing and building more shelters. He asked the Commission to commit to increasing funding for affordable housing. - Joshua Thomas (1584 Eating Gill Road): Urged the city to refurbish abandoned houses for affordable housing, orphanages, and homeless shelters to reduce crime and help people get jobs. - Kieran Smith (633 Urn Row Drive): Supported a well-funded Housing Trust Fund that includes rental assistance, home repair programs, and right to counsel to help voucher holders secure and maintain housing. - Larry Hayden (4028 Indian Run Drive): Spoke about the need for dedicated funding for home repairs within the Housing Trust Fund, citing a high-rise building with constantly broken elevators that affect elderly and disabled residents. He also called for a rental registry to ensure landlord accountability. - Destiny Brown (131 Second Street): Provided follow-up statistics on the current right-to-counsel pilot in Dayton: 81% of clients have multiple children, 59% have a disability or health condition, 63% are working, 87% were charged late fees (59% improper). She also shared data from Columbus showing a $4 return for every $1 invested. - Additional speakers (Marcel Anthony, Darrell Lee, and others) addressed a church block party, personal experiences with crime and justice, and other local concerns. Discussion Items - Presentation – Western Stars Drill Team: The award-winning drill team was recognized for their achievements, including winning first place in the world in senior division and drum line in Las Vegas. Team members introduced themselves and shared their schools. Commissioners praised the program for providing positive youth activities. The team was formed in 1986 and operates through volunteer work and fundraising. - Legislation – Group Home Moratorium Extension: First and second readings of Emergency Resolution No. 6877-25 were conducted, extending a temporary moratorium (not to exceed 180 days) on applications for zoning, occupancy, conditional use, and building permits for residential facilities (group homes). The resolution was declared an emergency and passed unanimously on both readings. - Legislation – Multi-Jurisdictional Hazard Management Plan: First reading of Emergency Resolution No. 6878-25 authorized the city's continued participation in the multi-jurisdictional hazard management plan with Montgomery County. It was declared an emergency and passed. - Legislation – Sewer and Drainage Code Amendments: Second reading of Ordinance No. 32153-25 amended sections of the city code pertaining to regulation of public and private sewers and drains and discharge of water and waste into the public sewer system. It passed. - Legislation – Zoning Code Amendments: Second reading of Ordinance No. 32154-25 repealed, amended, and enacted various sections of the zoning code. It passed. - Public Hearing – Rezoning Request (PLN 2025-00156): The Commission held a public hearing on a rezoning application for 742–746 North Belmont Park (0.21 acres) from Mature Single Family Residential (MR5) to Campus Institutional (CI). The applicant is Kettering Health Network, and the parcels are adjacent to Grandview Hospital. Planning staff recommended approval, noting that the properties are already included in the hospital's General Development Plan (updated 2020). No citizens registered to speak. Commissioners asked about future plans, which are still being developed. The legislation (Ordinance No. 32155-25) was introduced for first reading only. - Encampment Removal Briefing: City Manager Dixteen provided a timeline regarding the removal of an encampment at Macintosh Park: first contact on July 15, formal notice on July 25 with a departure deadline of August 4, additional contacts on August 5 and 6, and removal on August 7. She noted that the park had undergone $750,000 in improvements and that staff worked with individuals to help relocate their belongings. Commissioner Lawson requested exploring public notification methods for such removals. Key Outcomes - Approvals: - July 30 meeting minutes (unanimous). - Excusal of Commissioner Fairchild (unanimous). - City manager's recommendations (unanimous). - Resolutions Passed: - Emergency Resolution No. 6877-25 (temporary moratorium on group home applications) – declared emergency and passed first reading, then passed second reading with ayes from Mayor Mims, Commissioner Joseph, Commissioner Shaw, and Commissioner Turner Sloss (apparently unanimous). - Emergency Resolution No. 6878-25 (multi-jurisdictional hazard management plan) – declared emergency and passed first reading (second reading not yet conducted). - Ordinances Passed (Second Reading): - Ordinance No. 32153-25 (sewer code amendments) – passed with ayes from Mayor Mims, Commissioner Joseph, Commissioner Shaw, and Commissioner Turner Sloss. - Ordinance No. 32154-25 (zoning code amendments) – passed with ayes from Mayor Mims, Commissioner Joseph, and Commissioner Turner Sloss (Shaw not heard but passed). - First Reading Introduced: - Ordinance No. 32155-25 (rezoning of 742–746 North Belmont Park) – introduced for first reading only; no final vote. - Public Hearing Closed: The rezoning public hearing was closed with no scheduled follow-up vote at this meeting. - Directives and Next Steps: - Commissioner Lawson requested City staff explore options for more public notice and coordination with service providers regarding encampment removals. - The City will continue to work on a housing trust fund, rental registry, and right-to-counsel program, as discussed with public commenters. - The General Development Plan update for Kettering Health Network's campus is expected to come forward in the near future.
The city commission received a mid-year financial briefing from the finance team, covering general fund revenues and expenditures, income tax trends, economic indicators, and enterprise fund updates for the airport and water/sewer departments. No formal votes were taken; the briefing was informational. Discussion Items - General Fund Mid-Year Review (Ms. Jones/Abby and Jeanette) - Total revenues are $7.9 million (7.5%) higher than 2024 but slightly under budget by $1.3 million (1%). Income tax – the largest revenue source – remains flat compared to 2024. A shift in five-Friday months (three in 2024 vs. two in 2025) accounts for about $1.1-$1.5 million less in expected collections, yet 2025 is performing slightly better than 2024 when adjusting for this timing. - Property tax revenue increased 11.9% due to the county’s 2023 revaluation and higher monthly advances from the county. EMS fees rose 13.5% (nearly $500,000) largely from a 77% Medicaid transport rate increase (from $149 to $259) effective 2024, with billing lags now being realized. - The “other revenue” category jumped 225.5% ($3.5 million) due to the final cash transfer from the photo enforcement fund into the general fund (completed in June 2025, vs. July 2024). This transfer will not recur. - Expenditures are under budget by $2.8 million (2.2%) but $7.9 million above 2024 levels. Personnel costs rose 5.8% ($4.3 million) driven by police and fire recruit classes, police contractual wage adjustments, and NATO-related overtime (sworn overtime up 18.1% or $635,300). Insurance costs dropped $1.3 million due to a health insurance holiday in June 2025. - Contracts and materials increased 5.9% ($1.4 million) largely from NATO-related contractual labor and supplies. The data recovery plan (DRP) update: 60 projects, $102 million total, nearly $90 million awarded, $44.6 million spent to date. Three projects not yet awarded (housing, MBE compliance tool, safe/secure housing tool). MBE goal achievement is 96% ($21.5 million of $22.5 million goal). - Revenue circuit breaker: base collection and other intergovernmental revenue (including NATO reimbursements) triggered warning signals due to timing; staff expect them to turn green once receipts are processed. Departmental budget variances show most departments within thresholds; fire, police, IT, issue six, and income tax are outside due to NATO overtime, technology payments, and early capital funding. - Revised revenue forecast is slightly higher than original, adding NATO reimbursement. Expenditures expected to remain elevated in second half. Year-end projection: balanced budget with $1.5-$2.5 million use of cash reserve (originally planned $1.2 million). - Economic and Employment Update (Abby) - Dayton area employment reached a new peak of 396,300 jobs, 3,700 above pre-pandemic (Feb 2020). The pandemic loss of 60,900 jobs has been fully recovered. - National job opening rate 4.6%, Ohio 4.7%. Midwest CPI (all items) 3% higher than June 2024; food rose 3%, energy decreased 0.1% (gasoline lower, electric and natural gas higher). Real GDP declined 0.5% in Q1 2025 due to increased imports, consumer spending deceleration, and downturn in government spending. - Unemployment increased year-over-year: Dayton 6.4% (from 5.9%), Montgomery County 5.4% (from 4.9%), Ohio also up. - Aviation Department Update (Gail Turner and Anna) - Passenger enplanements up 2.7% (33,000 passengers in Q2). Airline revenues down $108,000 (2.4%) due to lower terminal rent (from lower operating expenses) and a $92,000 annual airline settlement (returning money to airlines). Non-airline revenue up $1.3 million (12.9%) driven by parking (rate increase and higher usage, +$536,000), rental car concessions (+$678,000, including $589,000 from pandemic settlement), and concessions (+$93,000). Property taxes up $215,000 due to one parcel at Duaba. - Personnel costs up $496,000 (9.6%) from filling positions (including garage) and wage growth; overtime down 20.3%. Contracts and materials down $137,000 (1.9%) due to parking vendor payment delay, marketing timing, and lower professional services (more fully staffed). Total uses up 8% but 4% under budget. Operating deficit of $18,000 primarily from capital projects transfer. Airport exploring additional revenue from general aviation. - Water and Sanitary Sewer Funds Update (Keisha Kenny) - Water Fund: Revenues 7.5% above 2024 ($2.4 million) due to city customer rate increase (9%) and higher usage; other jurisdiction revenue up 12.3% ($1.5 million). Lime sales up 20% ($300,000) from producer price index adjustments. Personnel costs up (positions filled, but 24-hour operations still seeing overtime). Contracts and materials down slightly due to IGS billing issues. Did not utilize cash reserves. - Sanitary Sewer Fund: City revenue up 6.5% (rate increase 5.5% plus higher usage); other jurisdictions revenue up 9.3% ($1.4 million). Other revenues up due to R&G project. Personnel costs down (vacancies causing overtime up). Contracts and materials lower (IGS billing, one-time liner project not done). Sludge costs up 5% from CPI rate increase. Completed generator project at Ottawa Yard (improving resiliency) and Westbrook pump station upgrades. Did not utilize cash balances. - Reduction in shutoffs attributed to improved payment accessibility (online, CVS payments, easier payment plans) – not a policy change but higher resident compliance. Key Outcomes - The city expects to end the fiscal year with a balanced budget, using $1.5-$2.5 million of cash reserves (higher than originally planned $1.2 million). - Staff will continue to monitor budget closely due to inflation, rising personnel costs, and economic uncertainty. - No formal votes or directives were taken; the briefing was for informational purposes only. Enterprise Fund Performance - Aviation: revenue up 7.1%, expenses under budget; passenger growth continues; expansion of aircraft capacity (Airbus, 737) noted. - Water and Sewer: both funds operating as expected, with revenue increases from rate adjustments and usage; no cash reserve use; focus on infrastructure projects (generators, security).
The Dayton City Commission met on July 30, 2025, at 6:00 PM (presumed) to address routine approvals, a demolition update, a public hearing on zoning code text amendments, and public comments on housing and other issues. The meeting included an invocation by Commissioner Shaw, roll call (Mayor Mims, Commissioner Shaw, Commissioner Turner Sloss present; Commissioner Joseph excused), and approval of minutes and the city manager's recommendations. Consent Calendar - Minutes Approval: The Commission approved the minutes from the July 23, 2025 meeting. - City Manager's Recommendations: Approved as a package, including: - Item B3: Award of a CDBG asphalt resurfacing contract (rebid) to pave 14 streets and over 60 alleys, projected completion fall 2025. - Item C4: Legal settlement with CenterPoint Energy providing $3.75 million over five years for disadvantaged community energy initiatives, $625,000 for bill payment assistance, and a fee waiver program for qualifying customers. Presentations - Monthly Demolition Update (James McDaniel, standing in for Steve Gondo): - Total plan demolitions (cumulative): 1,168 (2023: 188; 2024: 208; 2025: 141). - 2025 demolitions by funding: 34 ARPA, 9 General Fund, 98 ODOD. - June 2025 completed demolitions: 41 structures (ODOD). Fire piles (POWs): reduced from 68 in May to 59 in June (10 removed, 1 added, including 1 emergency demo). - Structures added to nuisance list in 2025: 52 (January: 8, February: 9, March: 9, April: 10, May: 16, June: 6; 4 of June's were fire-damaged). - No title reports or surveys for June; pipeline projects upcoming (e.g., 715 N Gettysburg, 784 Goodlow, etc.). - Commissioner questions focused on location of emergency demo, status of rebid contract, and transition from ODOD to ARPA/CDBG funding. Public Hearing: Zoning Code Text Amendments - Ordinance 32154-25 (first reading only): Repeals, amends, and enacts various sections of the zoning code. - Presentation by Jen Hanauer (Planning Division): Outlined 17 text amendments in three categories: 1. Administering the code: Clarifying definitions (e.g., middle multifamily, ADUs in historic districts), updating density regulations for suburban multifamily, clarifying height regulations, updating fees/penalties/enforcement. 2. Keeping code up-to-date: Updating marijuana language per state regulations, telecommunication tower regulations to align with surrounding municipalities, adding food trucks and graffiti definitions. 3. Planning best practices: Reducing vehicle parking, adding bike/EV parking, adding minor record plan for smaller projects, commercial design standards for pedestrian safety, removing indoor self-storage as permitted use in downtown/mixed-use districts. - Public Process: Work sessions, lunch-and-learn, plan board unanimously recommended approval. - Commission Questions: Commissioner Turner Sloss asked about designated areas for graffiti (public art vs. illegal tagging). Zoning Administrator clarified graffiti is unauthorized defacement; murals require permits. Commissioner Fairchild asked about public outreach (FAQ page on city website) and fee changes: fines increased to $1,000/day maximum for commercial, with policy document for graduated enforcement. No difference in policy between residential and commercial. - Decision: Ordinance received first reading; no vote taken. Public Comments & Testimony Seven citizens spoke: - Mary Elson (109 Mabel Ave, Dayton Tenant Union): Urged full funding of the Access to Counsel pilot program, citing eviction crisis and data that tenants without counsel almost always lose. Highlighted that majority of pilot clients are Black women with children and disabilities. - David Woods (3230 Late Reality): Complained about alleged misconduct at Kettering Hospital involving his father, requested police investigation, and criticized the Kettering Police Department. No specific city action requested. - Arlie Forte (729 W Grand Ave): Described living without heat in winter 2023-24, using rent escrow, and feeling ignored by city. Requested a funded housing trust fund for repairs, legal help, and basic protections for seniors. Celebrated 84th birthday next month. - Destiny Brown (1119 W Second St): Acknowledged recent work session on housing and funding for Welcome Home program, but stressed that renters need enforcement and a funded housing trust fund. Noted that money from the tax levy is available but input was restricted. Cited Columbus access to counsel program returning $4 for every $1 invested. - Larry Hayden (4028 Indian Run Dr): Described mold, lead paint, and pest infestations in rental units. Called for a funded housing trust fund for urgent repairs, legal support, and tenant relocation. Stated every delay puts more children at risk. - Darell Lee (1903 E Third St, Apt 19): Shared personal experience of being shot (12 bullets) and criticized open carry and police racial bias. Asked for help with case plan and child custody. - Flora Hurston (2914 Salem Ave): Business owner who received a liquor license objection from police with only three weeks' notice, no prior incidents. Criticized lack of communication from police and asked the Commission to recommend a better process. Noted she is also a public health nurse and employer of youth workers. Discussion Items - Commissioner Turner Sloss and others commended the demolition progress and zoning work. - Commissioner Turner Sloss highlighted housing policy steering committee subcommittees (housing trust fund, historic preservation, data, tenants issue) and requested review of draft legislation for a housing trust fund. Stressed enforcement and resources. - City Manager Dixie provided context on housing investments: over $20 million in rehab and affordable housing programs, a pilot to hold landlords accountable (criteria under development), and a comprehensive briefing package coming by early August. Noted that 50%+ of residents are renters and that the city lacks ability to enter private properties without documented safety threats. - Commissioner Fairchild asked about options to withdraw liquor license objections; staff will provide information. - Commissioner Shaw announced a free girls' basketball program (Her Time to Play) at Laura Recreation Center, starting September 17. - Commissioners also noted upcoming events: National Night Out (Aug 5), back-to-school events, Art in the City, Stuart Patterson Park cleanup, and resume/clothing assistance at the library. Key Outcomes - Approved the minutes from July 23, 2025. - Approved the city manager's recommendations (as consent calendar). - First reading only of Ordinance 32154-25 (zoning code text amendments); public hearing held. - Directive: Staff to provide information on liquor license objection options to Commissioner Fairchild. - Next Steps: Comprehensive housing briefing package to be delivered to Commission by early August. Commissioner Turner Sloss will follow up on access to counsel pilot data and draft housing trust fund legislation.
On July 23, 2025, the Dayton City Commission held a work session focused on housing initiatives. Staff from the Department of Planning, Neighborhoods, and Development presented updates on four major areas: the Housing Policy Steering Committee, Issue 6 Housing Funds, Housing Code Enforcement Civil Prosecution, and the Dayton Recovery Plan Housing Investment. Commissioners asked clarifying questions about program details, funding allocation, and neighborhood impacts. Discussion Items Housing Policy Steering Committee Update - Director Steve Gondel reported that the steering committee and its four subcommittees (housing trust fund, historic property preservation, data, and tenants) have reviewed 61 policy items to date. Of these, 15 have been completed, 20 are underway, and 18 are planned for future action. Completed items include using data to inform Issue 6 implementation, launching the Housing Condition Survey Portal and Housing Inspection Tracker, and creating a universal application for the Dayton Home Repair Network. The 2025 work plan focuses on streamlining development, activating land for housing, aligning plans, strengthening partnerships, targeting public funding, leveraging data, code enforcement, expanding home repair access, preventing displacement, and promoting city living. Issue 6 Housing Funds Update - The funds target home repair for owner-occupied properties rated 3 or 4 (condition). Maximum repair cap is $30,000 per home. A dollar-for-dollar matching program is available for households above 120% AMI. In years 1–4, funds will be concentrated in Welcome Home Program neighborhoods: Fairview, Dayton View Triangle, Wolf Creek, and Madden Hills, to leverage other investments. Applicants must use the Dayton Home Repair Network Common Application to avoid duplication. The program is an eight-year funding stream with $650,000 annually. Housing Code Enforcement Civil Prosecution - Implemented June 2025, the civil penalty process begins with a warning notice (10-day compliance period). As of July 16, 2025, citations have been issued for violations, with a 20-day compliance period. Approximately 15–20 citations have been issued. Property owners may pay or request an administrative hearing, which will begin in August 2025. Some technological adjustments have been made. Dayton Recovery Plan Housing Investment - Projects under the Dayton Recovery Plan include: Towns of Wright Dunbar (26 units under construction), Edgemont homes (two with Habitat for Humanity, one completed), County Corp home improvements (56 homes stabilized), Wolf Creek new construction (four homes underway), down payment assistance (18 home buyers), vacant home rehab with land bank (beginning July 2025), Flats South Park (88 units, site preparation), Center City (soft costs), Wolf Creek Levee layback project (utility work started, dirt stockpiled for levee modification), and Kiwi and Valley (19 units planned, building permits expected fall 2025). Additional external awards include Kinship Care Housing (26 three-bedroom units on Alaska Street), critical roof repairs (60 completed), Rebuilding Together home improvements (89 properties stabilized), and Hoover Senior Lofts (under construction). Commissioner Questions - Commissioner asked for detailed update on the four subcommittees and the completed 15 items. Staff noted a packet with the 2025 work plan would be provided. - Commissioner questioned the initial understanding that Issue 6 funds would be allocated per year rather than committed for four years. Staff clarified that the four-year focus leverages additional partner investments and will be presented for commission review. - Commissioner asked about addressing blight around new construction in Wolf Creek; staff described ongoing code enforcement and demolitions. - Commissioner inquired about senior renovations at Grand and Salem. Staff reported the high-rise redevelopment is complete; the ground-floor retail space is being marketed and a tenant is close to signing. - Commissioner requested dollar investment totals and a project-level accounting of the $55 million ARPA neighborhood allocation. Staff indicated the housing improvement program totals $12 million and an ARPA financial briefing is scheduled for the following week. - Commissioner asked why the civil penalty program took time to implement. Staff cited the required 10-day warning period and the need to ensure an administrative hearing officer was in place. - Commissioner asked about the safety of relaxing the levee. Staff confirmed the Miami Conservancy District supports the modification as it improves flood protection and stability. - Commissioner asked about the housing condition survey frequency. Staff stated the survey will be conducted every two years, with the next beginning September 2025, using new technology for faster data upload. Key Outcomes - No formal votes were taken. Updates were provided for commission awareness and feedback. Staff will provide a detailed packet on Issue 6 funding recommendations and a comprehensive ARPA financial report at a future meeting. The 2025 housing work plan will be shared with commissioners.