Hey Denver, it's time for this biweekly meeting of the Transportation and Infrastructure Committee of Denver City Council.

Join us for the Transportation and Infrastructure Committee starting now.

Good afternoon.

Good afternoon.

My name is Chantel Lewis, and I represent the residents in District 8.

Welcome to our first Transportation and Infrastructure Committee.

I will say I'm excited to say that it's a lot less than the Biz Committee.

So super excited about that.

And I'm also excited to chair this committee.

With that, we can do a round of introductions.

And I'll start with you for Tim.

Hi, good afternoon.

Good afternoon, Kevin Flynn, Southwest Denver's District 2.

Good afternoon, Chris Hines, Denver is perfect.

Stacey Gilmore, District 11.

Thank you.

And Councilman Heinz is the uh vice chair of this committee as well.

With that, we have one briefing, which is DENS Alternative Energy Feasibility Study, which we're very excited about.

So I'll let you all um introduce yourselves and jump in.

Yes, thank you, uh Madam Chair, Phil Washington, the CEO of Denver International Airport.

Good afternoon.

Uh Dave LePorte, chief operating officer at the Denver Airport.

Good afternoon, Kevin Forgett, state and local legislative advisor at the airport.

So, madam chair, thank you for uh for having us uh you and the uh the committee.

Um this is an information brief uh that we want to provide um uh to you uh and let me start with um sort of our first slide um that talks about the current state of uh electricity and energy uh at Denver International Airport.

And you know many of these facts, but I think it bears mentioning uh anyway.

You know that we are uh one of the busiest airports uh in the world.

Uh the largest economic Colorado's largest economic engine.

Uh and we are looking way ahead sort of our vision, uh Vision 100 to serve 100 million annual passengers in the coming years, and also 120 plus million uh as we uh go forward because of that, our current state, which we'll talk about in a minute in terms of uh electricity and energy, and because uh of our demand for power, um, we uh have been discussing the idea uh of a first a feasibility study for small modular nuclear reactors.

Um we have a capital improvement program that we have briefed to this committee before.

Uh uh this is a 12-year capital improvement program, 12 billion dollars, um, and the demand for energy and power uh becomes very, very important for all of that.

Um, we also, in addition to those projects, we also are preparing for innovative uh advanced air mobility in the form of flying taxis and the form of uh uh EVTOL, which is uh vertical takeoff and landing, uh, and uh many of the other projects that will require power.

Um currently the airport um uh the current state is about 45 megawatts of power that we currently use.

The consolidated rental car facility that we brought to this committee some months ago and you approved alone will take 40 megawatts of power.

Uh, and so you can see uh the need uh for us to be thinking about flexible and sustainable power.

And so I wanted to set that stage before we got into the presentation.

Next slide.

Um, we uh put this slide uh towards the front, uh, the center of equity and excellence in aviation, because this innovative approach is going to be incubated within CEA with the creation of career pathways for young people to understand uh how uh small modular nuclear reactors work, um, to understand the opportunity uh around that specialty in terms of employment later on.

I'm happy to say we've got uh four, three or four, maybe five interns here that we asked to do a research study on small modular reactors.

Uh I threatened them by saying I was going to have them do this presentation.

Um, but but they're more than capable of doing it.

So after Washington, can we introduce them?

Absolutely.

Yes, please.

You can introduce yourselves.

One at a time.

Hi, I'm Jaden Knight.

I'm the civil BIM intern in asset management.

Hi, I'm Rylan Newman.

I'm sustainability and waste diversion intern at Den.

Hi, I'm Victoria Sprongovsky.

I'm with the systems integration management office until May.

And I'm Morgan Edstrom, the systems intern within DEC.

Thank you all for your work.

Really appreciate it.

Thank you.

Yeah, thank you.

Uh and so uh the vision is uh sort of consistent with the slides you sit you see up here.

I won't go each each one of those, but the idea to create uh career pathways in this space becomes very, very important to us.

So we propose uh to release uh a request for proposal for a feasibility study to determine the viability uh of small modular reactors.

Uh that RFP went out at 818 this morning.

Uh so it is on the street right now.

Okay, five.

818.

818, uh, I think it was about 10 seconds.

I tell them, uh and uh, and so we're asking, and we'll get into this a little bit more, but we're asking uh a uh the successful proposer uh to answer a number of questions uh that we'll go over.

Um the RFP or the study time will be six to twelve months, uh, and then we will have uh some valuable information back.

I'm going to ask um Dave LePorte to kind of go over the specifics in terms of capacity needs that we have right now and and currently uh require.

Yeah, thank you, Phil.

So uh as Phil mentioned, our current uh demand is 45 megawatts, about 45 megawatts of load, uh and that's for the airport and the tenants currently.

Phil mentioned uh that the consolidated rental car facility will take 40 megawatts, but I want to add on to that a little bit um ground support equipment that the airlines use and that we use at the airport will add another 60 megawatts of demand.

Electrical vehicle charging for uh our customers that park in the garages or parking lots.

We don't know exactly what that demand will be yet, but we know it'll be a significant demand moving forward.

Our real estate development, uh, depending on how that works out.

That could be a heavy electrical load that is needed uh down the road.

So we have been working with Excel to try and estimate what that load could be.

And what we have found is that uh according to the XL study uh that we think we're gonna need 235 additional megawatts.

The high end estimate would be an additional 400 megawatts, and that doesn't even include new concourses that we might build, new runways uh that could be built, uh advanced air mobility that Phil mentioned, uh that the vertical um uh aircraft and uh any unknown future development uh down the road.

So the reason there are a couple of reasons why we're interested in small modular reactors.

Uh the first is earlier this year, uh House Bill 1045, um deemed nuclear energy as clean energy.

And we think that that's important and that fits into our our goals down the road.

What we're thinking about is a small modular reactor, which is a nuclear fission reactor, not a fusion reactor.

Uh these things are built off-site uh in a in a highly controlled environment and shipped to uh the deployment site.

They have varying electrical output, meaning that they are modular.

We can add on more modules as our demand grows.

And we would plan for that, moving, you know, as we get into the project.

And these things have very advanced safety features.

So they are not the typical uh cooling towers that you think of uh when you think of Three Mile Island as an example.

Uh they provide passive safety features.

So they have gravity fed coolant and a lot of coolant.

Uh these things are uh submerged in about three million gallons of coolant.

They can function without external power sources.

Um, and so when you think of uh what happened in Fukushima as an example, that was because they lost power to the nuclear reactor.

These don't require external power sources.

Uh they're much simpler designs with lower core power.

Uh so the risk uh for something to go bad is much lower.

And I already mentioned uh the additional coolant that they have.

The reasons that we want to explore these modular uh reactors are many.

The first of those is we are committed to becoming the greenest airport in the world and and most resilient.

Um if you think about what happened in London Heathrow earlier.

Well, I guess it was late last year, they lost power to the airport and shut down the airport.

That even affected the Denver airport because the flight that was scheduled to go to London couldn't make it.

Uh, Madrid Airport uh was shut down because of a power failure, and we want to be much more resilient uh and kind of control our own destiny.

Uh obviously we're all very interested in carbon free energy alternatives.

Uh this contributes to the city and county's goals of um being net zero by 2040, and it helps uh our sustainability and resilience goals to meet Vision 100 that Phil mentioned earlier.

It provides us a lot of flexibility.

Uh I mentioned that these things are modular or stackable.

Uh, we can start with uh one modular reactor if this turns out to be the right answer.

Uh, we think that that could provide somewhere around 75 megawatts of power for the airport, and if our demand grows, we can add another module to that.

Um it could support non uh non non-aeronautical revenue in the form of future development, like data centers as an example, heavy manufacturing.

Um, we you know are thinking about how we produce sustainable aviation fuel down the road, and this could help us with that.

And of course, we control the schedule for those additional modules.

Uh I mentioned House Bill 1040 uh earlier that was signed into law on March 20, uh I'm sorry, March 31st of 2025.

Uh it's now part of the state's efforts to reduce the carbon uh dioxide emissions and transition to a more sustainable energy system.

In addition to that, though, there have been several presidential actions in the form of executive orders that have come out.

Most of those happened on May 23rd of this year, which promote modular reactors and also deem nuclear energy as green energy.

Um the other key thing uh that these presidential orders did was uh instituted an 18-month maximum time to approve or deny applications uh to construct and operate new reactors.

So obviously a very clear signal uh that we want to move in that direction.

Uh the study uh will review state and federal regulatory requirements.

You know, we're interested not only in regulatory requirements but security, safety uh requirements, PUC requirements, things like that, and those have all been spelled out within uh the RFP.

Back to you, Phil.

Yeah, uh thank you, Dave.

Uh I mentioned uh this earlier, uh, but this is uh depiction of the um job estimates for SMR.

So this is about jobs, jobs, jobs uh and uh career pathways in many, many ways.

Uh the opportunity to create a specialized sort of industry for young people that are in this region is a huge component of this.

Small footprint.

One of the big benefits is we have more land than any airport in the world, except for one in Saudi Arabia.

So the modular nature of building this is very doable for us, meaning we can build in another part of the airport and bring that construction, if you will, to the site, is something that we are looking at right now in other projects as well.

So modularity becomes a huge piece of this, and we can do that with the land that we got.

These small modular reactors require very small footprint, very small footprint of 30 to 35 acres.

We would think underground.

These modular reactors can be built between three and five years.

Obviously, we would come back with the results of the study.

But the benefits are incredible.

And Dave alluded to a little bit of this at the federal level and at the state level.

But we just put out a press release just this morning that we are going to invest in horizontal infrastructure for the parcels in the real estate areas that we have.

In other words, developers come and they they bid on some of our parcels.

They have to pay now for the utilities and all of that.

But this whole idea of small modular reactors help to power that additional infrastructure in addition to our project, our future projects, it helps fund or it helps power that other infrastructure to uh for developers as well.

Of course, they would pay for that.

And one other thing that I want to mention is this in no way uh delays or stops or slows down any of the alternative uh energy options that we're currently doing.

Uh we are going to bring to you on August 21st uh what we call solar 10.

This is another solar array uh that will have 18 megawatts, and so we don't want this to seem that we are stopping our other efforts, meaning solar and our performance energy uh contract and those types of things.

Uh we're just adding this option to the mix.

Next slide.

Some of the areas that the feasibility study will examine.

Uh, won't read these off, but it's very, very comprehensive.

Uh, what regulatory details do we need?

What kind of approvals do we need?

Uh how much will something like this cost?

Where can we pursue grants uh from both the state and uh um federal uh entities as well?

Next slide.

Uh the timeline.

I mentioned 0818 this morning.

The RFP was released.

We will select the vendor uh in Q4 of this year.

We will come back to you uh in Q4 of this year and lay out the uh results of that study.

Uh and then council action contract award as we move forward.

I think that is the last slide.

Um so with that, we will turn it back to you, Madam Chair.

Thank you so much.

Really appreciate the presentation.

Um we have everyone in the speaking queue, so I just put you in there because everyone else is already in.

Okay.

Um and we'll start with Councilman Hines.

Uh uh Councilman Heinz by follow by council member.

Thank you, Madam Chair.

Um, Director Washington, uh, thank you so much to you and your team and the interns who are here today.

Um I uh when I started in 2019, Kim Day was the CEO of Den.

Um, and uh not long after you interviewed for the job.

And I don't know if you remember the phone call that that you and I had, I do, and one of my requests was uh will you uh permanently close and plug uh the the oil wells that are on Den property.

And you said that at the time you said um yes, uh that is in line with your vision and values uh to become the greenest airport uh in the world.

So um I want to thank you for uh one making that commitment true uh and and making sure that all of those uh uh wells are plugged and uh and taken care of.

Um and also I want to thank you for this announcement that I believe is in line with what you told me during during your um our conversation uh when you were thinking about uh joining our airport as its uh CEO.

Um I uh recognize that people might ask about um uh ask you to prioritize power sources that are well researched.

Um and I want to thank you for doing that too.

Um, you know, uh Excel is uh is a big partner at the airport.

Um I want to thank you also for uh leaning into some of the green sources.

You mentioned uh another solar race solar 10, I think is what you call it.

So 10, yes, um, which add another 30 megawatts.

Um, I want to thank you for uh for doing performing this research as well because uh undergoing this study because um we don't know, we don't know, but uh but certainly this would be in line with the goal of becoming the greenest airport in the world.

Um, and uh recognize that it would be great if we had already started this process.

Um we haven't now is a great time to start it and um and and actually do the uh the investigation and see if it it makes a whole lot of sense.

So um uh and then you mentioned the power failures at Madrid and Heathrow Airports.

Um obviously those are very close to uh you know very comparable um situation to uh Den.

Uh but I remember working 25 years ago for Silicon Valley companies with the rolling back blackouts that were happening throughout the state of California, and I also moved away from the great state of Texas uh before the um the power failures there as well.

And so uh it's really important for us to have mission critical, use a military term, you know, mission critical uh and redundant uh systems, especially something as critical as uh is making sure that we have power in what is the uh you mentioned the the largest economic driver, the Rocky Mountain region.

I can't find a better engine in the time zone.

I believe Den is the largest economic driver in the mountain time zone.

So can't find another uh spot that's that's better.

So um uh last thing I want to say, I this is all compliments for you, and uh promise I don't work for Dan.

Um, yeah, just the last thing I want to say is um thank you for um working in SIA, the Center for Equity and Excellence in Aviation, and uh and and having this as an opportunity for um for Denver to be a national or maybe even global leader in the research and implementation of uh of a technology that um that I think makes a whole lot of sense for us to at least uh study, if not implement.

So thank you.

Um some of that's informed from uh all my years on Biz.

Um I'm really excited to to be at the table with you in committee again.

So thank you.

Thank you, Madam Chair.

Councilman McGilmory, followed by President Sandoval.

Uh thank you, Madam Chair.

Uh thank you for the presentation um on this.

Um we had you had alluded to it um a while back about um something, and we just want to thank the interns that um have worked on this.

Um I hope it helps you with your uh careers and everything the research appreciate it.

Uh my first question is um where does Den currently get its water?

Denver water.

Okay.

Um so um just looking at a quick look here.

The water usage for one reactor is 200 and or 250 to 400 gallons of water to cool it, and so I guess where are your conversations with Denver Water since you are so prepared, and you know, 80 whatever you said, the RFP was put out on the street.

I guess what's the conversation with Denver Water currently?

Uh I have had conversations with the CEO of Denver Water uh early on as we were thinking about this, and um, we will be collaborating uh with him and his team.

Uh but he does know about this announcement uh and the conversations that we've had have been very, very productive, and I would uh envision more of those at the technical level as well.

Okay, um, have you talked about water rights and that Denver doesn't own all the water?

Denver has a certain amount of water rights that are allocated.

The rest of the water that comes off the mountains in the watershed is drinking water for people who live out on the northeastern plains of Colorado, and then that moves into Nebraska and Kansas, et cetera, to grow our food and for drinking water.

And so, um, where the conversations about water rights and um I'll put it out there publicly, the opportunity then I think for other states to sue Colorado and Denver for taking water out of that system upstream, and so I want to put that out there as a real question.

And can these reactors utilize um recycled water, or does it have to be drinkable water?

Uh, that is one of the questions that uh will be embedded in the RFP.

Um, you know, whether uh and what type of water uh that we can use.

We have not had uh those technical uh discussions yet with Denver Water, uh, but we plan to.

Okay, um, good deal.

Um, you know that the reason the airport is located where it is located, um, is one because we built all around the old airport and had residential very, very close.

So, you know, if you've been in Denver any amount of time, you just know when the planes went over in Park Hill or in Montbello, you stopped talking for that period of time, and it shook the windows, it shook the walls, etc.

That's why we um with Mayor Pena had the forethought to put it out on the Northeastern Plains, and there's a good barrier of land out there, but it's also was attractive land out there because it was also next to a superfund site, which was the Rocky Mountain Arsenal National Wildlife Refuge.

Now the Superfund site came around because the US Army and Shell Oil didn't line their drainage basins, and so they just put all that fluid into an earthen basin, and it zeped down as liquids will do, and it polluted the water table, and polluted the water table so greatly and decimated it that anybody on the west side of the Rocky Mountain Arsenal National Wildlife Refuge, all those new homes that are built out there, they're all required to have reverse osmosis, water treatment in their homes because they cannot drink the water.

And so I bring that up because when I do a quick research on it, the reactors have to be submerged in up to 3,000 gallons of coolant, and you know, I have to make the assumption that they will be lined the bait.

Well, we don't really have EPA regulations anymore, since you know we're picking and choosing what of this administration we want to take advantage of and we don't want to take advantage of.

And so I would hope that they're lined and that, but I want to know fully from this RFP how we as a city are going to dispose of 3,000 gallons of coolant that will most likely need to be changed out on a regular basis.

Is that coolant gonna be into 50-gallon barrel drums and it's gonna be driven from Den, and they're gonna get on Pena Boulevard, they're gonna come around on I-70, and they're gonna come through.

Well, first Green Valley Ranch, they're gonna come through Montbello, they're gonna come through Central Park, Park Hill, going all the way up.

If they've got to go over the Rocky Mountains to deliver this waste to be stored somewhere else, I don't believe you can put it on a plane and fly it because of the risks of it.

You have to truck it somewhere.

So that's another question that I have, and then I really appreciate you know the economic engine and trying to keep up with you know doing more.

And do we have still 800 days of funds on hand for den?

Uh it's probably something less than that.

Okay.

So we'll say 700 days of operating for den.

So pretty good.

Um, pretty good.

But you know, when you bring up the data sites, I think about what happened most recently that I think that there was a data site that was going to be proposed in GES or another community.

And folks, thank you, Council President, and folks rightly so were like, well, wait a minute.

We need to talk more about this, especially with water being a finite resource.

The planet does not create more water, we don't.

We have a finite resource of that water, and so where we are talking with climate scientists and drought, we're going to have to start talking seriously as a city and a state in the next five years.

How we're going to make sure that we have enough water to grow crops on the northeastern plains.

That's an issue now today, and so I'm I'm just interested in kind of where this is going, but with data sites and the amount of water that they take, but also the noise that is associated with them, the additional pollution that is associated with them, and the optics, I guess, Phil, of Denver International Airport being located on the northeastern plains of Colorado.

And it is situated right next to Rocky Mountain Arsenal National Wildlife.

It's a former Superfund site.

And there's been no conversation with the community before this RFP was released.

There was no conversation with me as the elected council representative for District 11, and I represent the airport in my council district.

And so it's curious that the airport has decided to just jump over the community and release an RFP before 8 05 a.m.

this morning and be so excited and proud about it, but that you haven't talked to the elected representative to let me have the courtesy to ask some of these questions.

But now I have to ask them on camera in front of everybody.

And I hope my constituents are listening as well because when this hits the news, they don't want to talk to Phil Washington, they'll want to talk to me.

And you have put me in a very interesting position.

Cool, cool.

My next question is you know, we lost the Coca-Cola deal because of not having energy out there.

I think the airport, quite frankly, got over your skis.

You thought you were ready, you thought it was gonna go, and there was no agreements with Excel or others to get power out there.

And I've heard the finger pointing and back and forth.

It doesn't matter.

The national news is Denver lost the Coca-Cola deal.

We lost it.

So with that education of myself around the Hodge Podge of Adams County, Arapahoe County, et cetera, is the quickness of this, so that the airport can develop the land around the airport more quickly, and or my community is hearing rumblings that the land swap with Westside, that there's a fiber optics line that runs through that parcel, and they can't do what they want to do out there, and so to get this deal across the finish line, we're gonna jump right in to President Trump's lap and say, Oh, cool, nuclear reactors.

We have very vague EPA regulations now.

Let's do nuclear, let's do this.

And so I guess can you answer to me?

Where is the West Side land swap deal and is there currently power to that parcel of what a hundred and how many acres was it?

140, 140 or so.

Okay.

Is there power to it?

Is there water, sewer, electric to it?

Uh that I don't know whether there's power to that right now.

Um should I begin to respond?

Where do I start?

I guess.

Well, I I okay.

So you don't know if there's power.

Is there water to that site?

I mean, it's owned by the airport, correct?

Yes.

Oh, is there somebody from real estate here that could maybe give us a little background on, I mean, it's your land.

Is there water out there?

It's actually city land right now, if I'm not mistaken, is that correct?

Well, I I assume that Den and the city are related to the same way.

Yeah.

Um, well, if if I could start on some of your questions, first of all, apologize.

So then I'm assuming then that the answer to there's no water, there's no sewer, and there's no electric electricity out to that site, if we're not gonna answer.

Yeah.

I mean, that's the question on the table.

Uh well, I would so you don't know.

I would have to turn to our uh real estate folks to answer that question of whether there is water.

I don't know.

We can get it.

Can we maybe have somebody from real estate come up and answer the question?

Can you?

I think we so I'm gonna just intervene.

I think if we ask Angela from the mayor's office, and then she maybe can ask Lisa Lemmley, because I've been asking these same exact questions, but I've asked Lisa Lemmley in these.

But Ken Cope is the real estate representative for Denver.

I don't think he's here right now.

Okay, but we can get you that information.

All right, all right.

Um well, let me um start by uh apologizing for you not knowing uh I mentioned this uh in a meeting of this committee.

Oh, I knew it was happening, the RFP.

You know what, madam chair, I have no other questions.

I'm good.

I don't think um, you know, if you don't have your real estate person here to answer the questions, and you're not communicating with me, and you're not communicating with my community.

I look around this table at any of my colleagues, and I don't think any of you would let that fly.

I don't think you would appreciate when you represent an area for there not being any open communication, especially when you know I'm a wildlife biologist, Phil.

You know I have spent my entire life on conservation, and you're suggesting something that gobbles up water that we have not fully explored or even mentioned to my community, and I think the very real question out there is the quickness of this to get the west side land or the the swap land ready for them to take hold of it, because I'm concerned about that because this council just referred to the ballot for the vibrant Denver bond, parks, parks, an immense amount of money for parks, and so it looks curious with the quickness of this, and that land swap not being done right now, and I am not a barrier or a backstop for any city agency.

I am elected to represent my constituents who are around this table right now, and they don't want something done to them, they want it done with them to have the conversations, and so I needed to put those questions out there because I'm concerned if this falls through.

What is that going to happen in November to that initiative when we maybe didn't have our I's dotted and our T's crossed?

And I know that is not fully your responsibility, Phil, but it's just curious on me spending three years of my life on Coca-Cola and two years prior to getting the far northeast neighborhood plan amended to have Coca-Cola come out to the neighborhood, and I feel like I've been a darn good partner because we not only had Coca-Cola, we had Pepsi, and we still have Pepsi, and that's gonna put an additional 250 semi-truck trailers daily on Pena Boulevard in our neighborhood, or they could go through Green Valley Ranch and go all the way down Tower Road to I-70, but that's not the communities that I think any of us want either.

And so it's it's very curious, and I appreciate the time.

Um, thank you, madam chair.

Thank you, Director.

Um, thank you, Councilwoman.

Sorry that RTD just popped out of me.

Uh Director Washington, do you want to maybe revisit the RFP and the feasibility study and the timeline?

Because I think it might address some of the things I've heard here, and then um next up is council member Alvidres.

I thought it was president.

Listen, honey.

Well, all right.

Go ahead.

It is what I will say is that this proposed study action has nothing to do with the West Side.

Uh Lancewart, nothing.

Um, and um uh the other thing that I will say is uh as we mentioned, uh the RFP uh is sort of looking forward, looking at the current state and looking forward uh to see what the possibilities are that we'll we will bring back here.

There is nothing with the feasibility study that will commit us to anything.

And so we see this information brief or action with the RFP as just getting smarter, and information that we will take out to the public because there will be a public education part of this, but we have to have the facts that will come through the feasibility study.

One is safety, one is security, one is cost, and one is compliance.

Four major themes that are sort of the anchors of how we're looking at this.

And so the same thing applies here.

We are not going to do anything, regardless of what the federal regulations say that are incongruent with the community values.

We're going to bring this back and we'll discuss it when we have the results.

Thank you.

Sure.

Break it down for me a little bit more.

So are you so the RFP went out?

Do you not have to get approval to do the feasibility feasibility study?

Because I thought that like when we do other feasibility studies with other departments, if you spend over a certain amount of money, we approve those.

So is that not the case?

How is that not the case here?

I'm confused by that.

Um we do not need council approval to release an RFP, not the RFP, but the key areas of this feasibility study on slide 11.

I'm confused on the so I understand the RFP.

I guess I'm confused on the two things that we're talking about here.

We're talking about one, the RFP went out, and then on slide 11, it talks about the feasibility study.

So I thought if I if I'm not mistaken, that we had to approve.

How much is the feasibility study?

Um we have an internal cost estimate of about a million dollars, but we so I thought that any of that would have to come through city council for approval for those kind of action items.

I could be wrong, but I thought I'm I'm might I've never seen a feasibility study over 500.

Anything under you all know under 4999, we have to approve it.

If it's a million, I think that that I think that there's a missing step here that we actually would have to approve that.

Yes, yes, so the once the RFP is responded to and um there's a uh proposal and a contract, the contract um to move forward with the feasibility study would still come through the city council.

The normal city council process.

Okay, so that the RFP is for the feasibility study.

That's correct.

Got it, that's right.

Okay, so we can I get a copy of the RFP because I I have questions about what I would like to similar to Councilwoman Gilmore's point.

If I'm not mistaken, tell me if I'm I'm not I'm not a scientist.

Lord knows that.

But I thought that these type of these small SMRs, that they produce radioactive waste, am I not?

Is that correct?

Because all the research I've done that these produce radioactive waste and that to get rid of the waste, there's like that's the reason why they're so controversial is there's no long-term disposal solution in the United States right now.

Is that correct?

So within the RFP, do you have how would they get rid of the new radioactive waste?

We have those questions in the RFP.

Okay, and then do you have in the RFP how this would have like significant significant environmental like so one of the other concerns with radioactive waste waste is that it leads to significant environmental damage.

I think that that's how um I don't want to like get these mixed up, but I Denver has four super fund sites.

We have the one that Councilwoman Gilmore mentioned, and we have three in global or in Swancia, and one of them in uh like off of Vasquez, was from radio ask right radioactive waste, it was a train that was taking radioactive waste from um where is that place outside of Boulder?

Rocky Flats.

They were moving waste of the 70s from what rocky flats like radioactive waste, and the train cars derailed and in glow in Gloville off of Vasquez, and that became a super fun site, and so that's why these this is so controversial, is because one of the reasons in the neighborhood that my family grew up in was because of radioactive waste take being taken from Rocky Flats, Rocky Flats.

Okay, sorry, I haven't thought thought about that.

So, is that within the RFP?

Yes, it is.

Uh, and the other thing that I should mention is that we envision this, uh it's it was put out as a um as a task-based type contract, and we did that on purpose so that as we learn more we can add or subtract whatever we want to the RFP correct to the task to the task, okay.

And then um, so and then my other question was also going to be in line with the um water because it it does take some these just same as the data centers, they just use so much water that um one of the the conversations that we had in a different committee that comes to city council, it was the South Platte um committee, and we have the wastewater facility um that's out on the edge of town by the um National Western Center come in, and what they have found is they've found a new technology to after all processing all the water to cool it down, but it's still not cool enough as it enters into the South Platte River, and because of the damage that we have done in our own wastewater treatment center, right?

We add added for years warm water to the South Platte River, which changed the whole repair and system in the South Platte.

So I would just is it in the RFP on how they would get the water because if we put the water back in, or if it uses recycled water, cooling of that water is so crucial, and yet how would they cool the water without using energy, right?

I don't know.

I'm that's I am like, I did as much research as I could on this topic before we got here, but that was another concern.

Is that within the RFP?

So I think it's great, a great point.

And that specific question is not listed in the RFP.

Okay.

What we did was uh made it a task-based contract, and so these are the kinds of things that we're thinking about right now, um, but we're able to add.

I think the cooling of the, I think just knowing that we had the wastewater treatment facility, and I know I'm getting their name wrong, Metro Waste Water Treatment Facility, and they've asked us all to go out for a site visit.

I I already had gone out there, but their whole process of cooling water was it's an like you know, I don't know if you've all been out there, it's all these waterfalls and all this systems.

So I would make want to make sure that whoever's doing the study is make reporting back on to you all and to us on how they're cooling the water, and then one of the other aspects that uh if it's in the RFP, technology has changed a lot.

There's been a lot of advancements.

I don't think anyone in the 70s thought that a rail line was going to crash and derail and end up having a whole super fun site in Global.

I and I just studied that when I in my undergrad, so I know a lot about that site.

In the RFP, how do we make sure that accidents or malfunctions don't happen because of the radioactive substance substance that is there?

And I know that you all are regulated on a much different level, you're not just regulated by the city, you're regulated by the state and you're regulated by the federal government, right?

I don't know if within the FAA, if that's right, if you're regulated by the FAA, is that right?

Sorry, I had a long night on Monday.

All these acronyms are like, so the federal aviation.

Oh, yeah, the federal aviation and the department of energy.

And the department of energy, I don't know what type of regulation.

So, if you could send me if you could send this committee regulations that have been in, not just the new ones that you cite in the PowerPoint from May of 2025, but regulations regarding accidents and radiation leaks, because if we have radioactive substance at Den, I would hate for something to happen and accidents happen.

They're just so what kind of um assurances do we have?

And then also one of the things that I learned as I was studying this is the decommissioning of like there's no actual um technology out there from what I've studied, and once again, I am not a subject matter expert on this.

This is me just asking around.

Um literally, I'm in my master's, so I use my master's classes and my professors to help me with this.

There's not from what I've studied, there's not technology to formally decommission these sites, and that was what was so hard about Rocky Flats.

Is it it it technically it got decommissioned for anyone who remembers that?

It's still sitting there.

That radioactive waste is still at Rocky Flats, it's there because we don't have a way to decommission this type of um radioactive waste.

So is that in the RFP to figure out how we like they would have to bring solutions to if we wanted to move away from this, how we would decommission that?

Yes.

Yep, that's in there.

Okay, um, so those are those are and can we see the RFP so I could read it?

Okay, so I send it to the whole committee so that we could see it, and then when you're talking in your presentation, you mentioned that so most of these little SMRs, um, they're to produce megawatts.

So you would get one that is your ultimate goal to get to 400 megawatts from the presentation, or you want to build an SMR where you can you could start slower for lack of a better word right now because I'm a little bit tired this week.

I'm thinking of a Lego set.

So if you had a Lego set and you had one piece of block that had 100 megawatts, you could add another piece of block that had to make 100 megawatts, another piece of block that had a hundred megawatts.

I'm super undersimplifying this, but that's how my brain is thinking about it.

Is that what you're attempting to do, or can you explain that to me a little bit better?

The modular nature of this uh and the stackability of this allows us uh to add uh reactors as our demand dictates.

Got it.

And then you would you what wattage would you want to start out with?

What's the RFP asking for?

Like a hundred, two hundred, three hundred, two hundred, and what's the max you want to go up to?

We think it would be about 75 megawatts to start.

But but I think it's important to know we we don't know that we do want to build this.

Yeah, no, I think that's true.

Why we're giving the feasibility.

I get that.

That's what the whole now I'm understanding what the feasibility study is.

And that's why it would be helpful for me to read it, so then I can digest that obviously I'm using Lego box to build the figure this out.

I have to use everything I asked.

So the Lego analogy is a good one.

That is modular construction, that's what it is.

Okay, okay.

Um, so those are just and then sorry.

When did when does the RFP close?

Uh it closes.

I don't think I saw that on the presentation.

Uh it would be in the fourth quarter.

Yeah, we we have it out there for about 90 days.

About 90 days.

And then how many days do you get to look through all of the proposals?

As much time as we need.

Much time as you need.

And then before you select a vendor, would you come back and give us an update?

Absolutely.

Okay, I would just ask Madam Chair that they come back once the um selection process is closed.

Then come back to us and kind of you don't.

I know that it's super confidential during those, but just kind of understand what did we learn, you know, as much as you could share with us.

So then that when it's not just you coming back and saying, hey, this is the um vendor that we selected so that we could be more um figuring out the process.

Does that make sense?

Yeah, no, sorry, I'm just trying to our plan as I as I mentioned is to come back with the results of the study.

Okay, okay, all right.

So those are my questions, and I probably will be reaching out to you once I read the RFP because I can go to the research that I have to make sure.

Um, and I would love it if you added the cooling because that's gonna be super key.

Thank you, madam chair.

Thank you.

Councilwoman Alvidra is followed by Councilman Flynn.

Thank you.

Um, what RFP system or platform are you using now?

Is it just public on your website or is there a platform that you all have?

So a bit net.

Yeah, is that a paid subscription?

Uh I believe it is.

Okay.

Do we have access to that?

Okay, no, it's it's you can go on our website and look at it right now.

Okay.

We'll provide it to the committee.

Okay.

Um, and was there a minority women-owned business goal associated with that RFP?

We there was no goal associated with it.

Uh it did go through DISPO though.

Oh, okay.

And they just decided there wasn't enough providers in that space.

Correct.

Okay.

Um I definitely want to elevate my colleagues if this was in my district, my uh councilwoman Gilmore's thoughts, I would be very concerned as well.

Um, and I'm assuming that this study will also include how safe is it to be next to homes, how what is a safe buffer zone, and all of those types of things?

Um a lot of my questions have been asked, so I'm just reading through them to see which ones haven't.

Um, and it sounds like you have no idea what the cost would be, but it of the reactor?

Right.

Not right now.

Okay.

Um I would you know also say we have Ruby Hill Park in District 7 to your point about unsafe spaces where you can't even put a stake in the ground and it's a public park.

So we definitely don't want more of those spaces.

Um will this RFP include a comparison data of what kind of power at what cost and what environmental impact and will it compare to like solar and microgrids and other things?

I don't know that we specified that as one of our questions, but we can add it to the ask.

That would be great.

Um and do we know if it this or will the feasibility study tell us if this will trigger like a NEPA environmental impact study, or is that part of this process?

No, that's that's in there to advise us on that.

And I assume the plan is for Den to pay for all of these costs, including if this were to move forward to actually happening.

For the study, yes.

Um for the actual reactor.

Again, we haven't decided, you know, whether we want to build one or not, so it's contingent on what we find out.

Okay.

All right, um, that was all I had.

Thank you, committee chair.

Thank you.

So I take that back.

There is some language in there about comparing it to our existing electrical costs.

Okay, not existing, but two other energy sources that are also considered clean energy.

Yeah, that specifically is not in there, but we can add it to a task.

Thank you.

I appreciate it.

Thank you.

Yeah, thank you.

Uh Councilman Felix Councilman Flynn.

Uh, 10 Remote Campbell.

I don't know.

So, uh, and Councilwoman Gilmer, when you brought up uh uh Rocky Mountain Arsenal, that's where the government from the 40s, I think almost to the 60s was uh uh making nerve gas, sarin, mustard gas, and other chemical weapons, and then they leased it to Shell Chemical to make pesticides, and out in Europe part of town, Shell was injecting the wastewater two and a half miles deep in a cased uh well below the bedrock, uh, but you might remember it triggered earthquakes.

So, interesting history to that.

Um, this is gonna be underground.

Yeah, that's that's our current.

So my first thought, my first thought was why don't you just use one of those many underground buildings that all the conspiracies told us 30 years ago existed out there?

This one was uh is that there's millions living down there.

That was the underground new world order prisoners, if I recall correctly.

But oh serious note, I'm gonna try to understand the broad concept of what this is for.

Is this to take over and replace Excel as the power source for the airport, or is it to supplement if Excel can't provide all the energy would need we would need, it would supplement the gap, the delta between what the Excel can provide right now, which as we know it's not adequate for growth out there, or is it going to completely replace because if our needs are 40 megawatts and it provides 75, we can tell Excel uh you know thank you, and and we'll see you down the road.

Well, let me say that this is not we don't envision a hostile takeover of Excel.

No, no, no.

Not that we would take it over, but we would replace them as our we have they have two feeds into the airport, north and south.

Right, uh would this replace it?

Um, you know, right now we are thinking that it would supplement okay uh when we look at our capital improvement program, uh in many ways we are moving uh faster than our demand.

And when you look out um over uh the next 20 years and the projects that we need uh to build to accommodate the increased number of passengers, um we are exceeding what we see uh that can be provided.

And so to supplement that, part of the um the intent here is to supplement, um, and to not slow down our growth here at Denver International Airport.

So that that's my primary thought here.

When in the presentation it talks about being able to supply power to tenants, yes, for example, the consolidated realm car facility.

Would we establish a system of rates and charges so that gave us some budget and hertz and all would then pay us for the use of that energy?

I I I think um that remains to be seen.

I don't want to say that we will, you know, uh do that, but but to it's it's a good problem to have to have adequate power uh to be able to accommodate the developers uh as as a sort of an added bonus, but the primary reason uh is to satisfy the demand for this economic engine for our own facility for our own facilities of course a lot of tenant facilities are are just interwoven inextricably and not separable you know when uh when a concessionaire opens up they plug into the system they're on they're on the airport grid I guess right but certainly we wouldn't provide that for free if we were providing power to Hertz and Avison and uh the restaurants and all we would charge them instead of Excel charging them correct potentially that's one of the things that we've asked in the RFP specifically is what are the rules around the PUC and that was my next question and what does that look like moving forward but yeah that was my next question does this incur and does this make us a utility subject to PUC oversight we don't know.

That's part of the can we ask can we ask that in the RFP?

It's already in there but getting back to your original question about uh replacing versus supplementing Excel I think what we're envisioning is a micro grid at the airport that would still be connected to XL for redundancy.

So we could build redundancy by adding more modules and we could stay connected to the grid so that if something happened to one of those modules we could still drop our so unlike if you know a solar array on the roof of my house I'm not feeding excess into the grid it's isolated only for use at the airport.

Great limit uh outages and things like that.

The ability to have a 247 365 power source um versus the outages that we've seen all over this country and the world actually who do you see not by name of course but who do you see as the potential bidders on the RFP?

Are the engineering companies are they nuclear physicists are they uh who are the bidders on this without naming any specific there are a number of engineering companies that have nuclear divisions that we think would pursue uh such work um we're gonna find out in short order um who is interested in this as this news goes have we had any pre-bid pre-release conferences with any of the potential bidders um we've had a lot of inquiries yes all right thank you ma'am chair thank you is we too uh thank you for the presentation um and I appreciate the innovation aspect of what's being presented and thinking forward I think that's on brand for um for the airport and the direction that you've always been going um a lot of the questions that I had have been asked um so I appreciate because I was wondering who would bid on this um and who has that kind of level of expertise to be able to do this feasibility study um my my question would be a little bit more around the RFP um for feasibility and you said that it would include the cost modeling component um for alternative energy as well as for a build out so that is not currently the the comparison to other green energy is not currently in the proposed questions that we put out but if we get to a contract we could include that in a task order.

Okay.

Thank you my um my wondering around the RFP is we get proposals back there is a feasibility study that happens but always with that option of this is feasibility knowing that one of the options could be it's not feasible.

Yeah.

So we're just still open to that kind of wide array, it's not because I because I think sometimes when when you when there is feasibility and we could do a contract and you know kind of moving down that road, I think that it's always good to always remain or doing this because it may not be something that we can do.

Um and I think that's really important to be able to, you know, if it doesn't meet water, you know, uh considerations, or if it doesn't meet, you know, safety or all of those other pieces, knowing that that technology is out there, however, just not feasible.

I guess I just want to be able to hold that space for that consideration.

Uh absolutely, and and that is our plan.

Um, there are off ramps to this.

We would not build this without off ramps, and so um if it becomes infeasible, then we wouldn't do it.

Um you mentioned innovation, it is innovative, but it's also in our minds a necessity, and I'm talking 20 30 years out, uh, less we build to accommodate a hundred, a hundred and uh twenty million, and do not have the power resources to accommodate that.

So not only is it innovative, it is a necessity that we think about future alternative energy options, not just at the airport, uh, but in all infrastructure modes all over the world.

Um New York just went down, their transit system went down just about a week, week and a half ago uh in outage.

We mentioned Heathrow, we mentioned um uh Madrid.

So it's in our mind, we are doing what responsible infrastructure professionals do, and that is look out 20 to 30 years out.

Um are you also exploring other um alternative energy um solutions beyond this particular one for the SMR?

Like will there be other contracts that you're gonna be looking at or feasibility studies for for other um energy sources?

Well, um, as I mentioned on August 21st, we bring a new solar 10, and that is uh an additional solar array of I believe 18 megawatts.

Um, and so we will continue to look at opportunities.

We have been the most, and I think I can say this, the most aggressive airport in the world looking for alternative energy options.

We have the largest performance energy contract in the state of Colorado that is going to save us um, I don't have the figures, but millions of dollars over the next 20 years or so.

So we will not cease um in our pursuit of uh additional energy uh options.

We're not gonna stop doing that.

It doesn't look like we can.

I mean, I think the airport is growing, and those alternative energy sources are going to be needed.

Um not only, you know, to look at the feasibility for this, but for alternative um energy as well.

Um thank you.

Thank you, madam chair.

Thank you.

Um, I do have a few questions.

I wanted to uh circle back to council president Sanaval's um question around scalability.

I'm not sure I heard an answer about how much this tech can be scaled up in in terms of um generating capacity, yeah.

Yeah, um, so there um we mentioned that we want to start with possibly 75 megawatts, a 75 megawatt um reactor with the ability to scale up as our demand.

Um, you know, right now um I believe that we could go to about 924 megawatts with multiple uh reactors, um, but as fast as the technology is moving, in the next two or three years, that may increase exponentially.

Uh and so the ability, you know, one of the big benefits is the ability to scale up and stack um these uh uh SMRs.

And so that is sort of the upper that we know of right now, but it could increase okay when when you say actually that that was really helpful I think I understood it thank you so much um Bill I appreciate it how would this interact with the um franchise agreement with XL uh that the city has um I I I don't think it uh impacts at all okay uh I'll ask my folks but I don't think it impacts at all I don't know even if we even if you were able to sell the energy at some point to councilman Flynn's um question would that then potentially it could okay okay okay is it in the RP?

Should we be I mean should we be exploring it?

Well we have to find a way to to work that question I guess fair but we can we can ask okay thank you.

There are some questions uh proposed questions that we put out there that talk about uh how this works with XL as an example what would be needed to sell access capacity back to XL or other interested parties uh as a microcredit good solution for SMR um there are there are things that are around your question I don't know that we have your specific question in there okay but again we can put that in a task yeah I'd just be curious as to just to open the conversation yeah I mean y'all know I've told y'all I'm really excited about the opportunity for municipal ownership and like if that's something that we can do in the future I think we probably should at least look at it.

So does this include the feasibility of the construction of transmission infrastructure or horizontal infrastructure that was mentioned earlier or is this a separate process?

Yeah there is uh we we do talk about the transmission of energy um and really that was in relation to cost more than anything okay um both with potential federal grants or state grants and without right we want to understand what that cost modeling looks like both ways so yes there is some transmission stuff in there but again we haven't issued any task orders to get our specific questions got it can you can you go just a bit deeper on the um cost I don't know if I understand what you mean by that so when you talk about transmission what we're what we're asking our potential partner is what does the cost modeling look like to build out a reactor and the transmission lines okay that are required both with federal funding and without federal funding got it and would that be for the would that be for the full build out that 900 number that was just mentioned or no so I think that uh the the way that that I think about this is uh if if you think about the old Coca-Cola glass bottles that came in the the six pack right you you place another Coke bottle in the container as you build this out so I think what we would look to do is build out the six container building got it and put one coke bottle at a time okay that's that's very helpful did you want to add anything no no no that that's uh as elementary as we can get it probably goes on uh so could the city use the revenues generated by the SMRs in the event the electricity is sold off site uh say that again could could could the city use revenues generated by the SMRs in the event that electric electricity is sold off site well I think we would have to look at uh any um diversion of revenue uh provisions uh that that we're under uh but for example, the development that we uh that could possibly be sold power, uh I think the taxes would go into the general fund for the city.

That's what I wanted to know.

Yeah.

Right?

Uh the taxes, we'll start with that.

Um, and there may be some residuals, but but our sale of electricity to a developer, um, I believe would have to go back into airport coffers to not violate uh diversion of revenue provisions.

However, the taxes from the development that we would um uh realize sooner, uh, along with the press release that we just put out, saying we're gonna actually outfit the parcels with utilities.

Um, that could be realized in the general fund.

Okay, thank you.

I really appreciate this um presentation and just echoing the concerns of councilmember Gilmore and other folks around the table.

I'm constantly fighting to get the city to engage in meaningful uh to engage meaningfully with my constituents, and I recognize and respect the frustration at this point.

Um, I also have to just name the data centers because I I am very concerned about like us going in that direction, but I'm very excited that we are exploring this.

I think the time is now for us to figure out what we might need to do, and so I appreciate that you all are exploring that.

Um, I do have members back in the queue, and so council member Gilmar and then President Danaval.

Um thank you, madam chair.

Um, so um I appreciate Phil you referencing back to um the commitment by yourself um to me earlier, and you did say it around this table that we never um you know with the NEPA study, with other initiatives out at the airport that you are fully prepared for the airport to pick up the cost incurred by making sure that DEN is complying with the EPA standards for environmental protections as of 1231 24 before this new administration took over, and so you have made that commitment.

Um, I wanted to go back and look at the RFP to see if that was part of the RFP, because even though they're doing this work, DEN does not have the capabilities of having a whole nother team staying with the former EPA regulations, and so if you're looking at getting federal dollars to do this, federal dollars aren't going to be able to pay for compliance with EPA regulations previously to when they were, you know, before and where they're lowered down now.

And so I wanted to go back and look at the RFP, but when I look for the RFP, it's locked behind bidnet, and you have to be a re it's for only registered members only.

And so I want to see in that RFP some update since you've talked about being able to update the RFP here, fully having transparency with the businesses that are contemplating bidding on this RFP that they're fully aware that Den is going to require them to at least make sure that the feasibility study includes in complying with the EPA regulations from 2024, not now, and that's very, very important.

As um, you know, my colleague reminded me about um the series of earthquakes that were triggered by um the pumping of that water and it it causing earthquakes in Denver.

I mean, the Rocky Mountain News and Denver Post covered it.

We have the old um articles and news reports about people in Montbello and Park Hill, there were earthquakes during that time, and so um and then with the RFP, since I wasn't able to see it, um, I'd like to ensure, have you add that that the with the feasibility study?

Because this is in the news, because you just had a press conference, I want to know that simultaneously this vendor or somebody else, you might have to release another RFP, um, to have somebody simultaneously doing community outreach with the surrounding neighborhood now, like release it this week or put it in the RFP, because if at the end of this year, when it closes at 10-6, in October, you're only gonna be before us again asking us to approve the contract, and that's not appropriate, especially when we're talking about environmental justice.

That is not appropriate.

It needs to be happening simultaneously, if not this company doing it, and so um I asked for those as well.

Thank you, madam chair.

Yeah, just uh this is just a quick uh comment.

Um, um, in terms of EE uh EPA regulations and and things, um regardless of whether we get federal dollars in the form of grants or whatever, we are committed to paying for community outreach out of den coffers.

Right.

So you're gonna start you're gonna start paying for community outreach right now.

Uh, I like a well we don't mean maybe we don't have the we don't have the information.

It doesn't come until after the feasibility study is done to actually go out with a degree of knowledge that we need to have from the information that comes from the study.

So I think it makes sense for us to go out.

We can talk now about that, but we don't have enough information to go out to the public uh until I think we get information from the study.

So that's that's one.

Um, but we're committed to doing that, whether it's in this RFP or not, maybe it's separate or whatever.

Um so we're we're um uh committed to doing that.

And we do have it in the RFP outreach.

Um, and so that's in there right now.

In terms of uh, I didn't know you could not see that uh uh behind Bitnet, but we'll make sure you get copies of that um of the RFP itself.

We'll give it to the whole uh committee.

So we're we're completely committed to uh also coming here earlier, during the the the uh part or during the time of the study, it does not have to be at the end of the study uh where we come to you and and say we're committed to come in here every week if we have to.

Uh we're always open to that.

Um, so we will do that.

I look forward to working with you.

Green Valley Ranch because the people I represent aren't right here, and so I would ask publicly that the airport pull together a community-wide meeting, and that we have um a community-wide meeting in District 11.

Um, and you can share what you shared with the press today next door and talk about what you talked about today, and so um I'll follow up with y'all after this, and we can pull folks out, same as we did for Coca-Cola, um, and Pena on that one, and so um have the conversation.

So, thank you, madam chair.

Thank you, and we can work together as well, Director Washington to figure out what the cadence will be for you all to return to this body.

Uh so thank you.

One last question I have.

So, um currently, right now, do you have solar panels?

Um, and how how much of the solar how much how many wattages does the solar panels provide?

I may ask Scott uh where's Scott at uh to come up.

We have one of the largest solar arrays in this country at any airport, uh, and so he can talk about the megawatts that we have there, yeah.

Excuse me.

Um, yeah, thank you very much for the question, comes present.

Introduce yourself.

Um Scott Morsey, I'm the senior vice president of sustainability of the airport.

Um, and to your question, and as Phil said, um, we've invested quite a bit over the course of the last at this point, 18 years um in a variety of different solar projects.

We have about 50 megawatts of solar um installed on site right now, as Phil mentioned.

We're gonna be coming back to you in two weeks to talk about the latest project, and so continuing to look for opportunities to develop additional um renewable energy projects.

And for the 50 watts, does it go into a bank and that's on COVID?

Can't you can still use it, or do you use that those 50 watts like every day and get depleted?

Well, so so the 50 watts is the generating the 50 megawatts is the generating capacity of the assets.

And so when Phil was talking about 45 megawatts as the peak energy demand, but that's only when the solar panels are producing, and so the percentage of the overall consumption of the airport is smaller, but at that time when the panels are producing, it's directly powering our facilities, or if it's producing more than the individual meters where they're interconnected can accommodate, it then gets fed back onto the grid.

Okay, thank you.

Thank you, Madam Chair.

Thank you.

Um any other comments from you all?

Everyone's out of the queue.

You're good?

Well, thank you all so much for coming.

It's again very exciting to uh have this before our committee and the opportunity to just um dialogue and see what you all find.

So looking forward to working with you all as we move forward.

Um, this was just an update, so it doesn't need approval.

We have six items on consent.

No one has called anything off.

And with that, we're adjourned.

Thank you.

Um,