Denver City Council Planning Board Working Group Special Session on Unlocking Housing Choices – March 17, 2026
Denver City Council Planning Board Working Group Special Session on Unlocking Housing Choices – March 17, 2026
This special session, convened on March 17, 2026, centered on the preliminary economic feasibility findings of the "Unlocking Housing Choices" project, presented by Community Planning and Development (CPD) staff and consultant team. The presentation detailed three Phase 1 strategies to encourage missing‑middle housing in low‑scale residential neighborhoods: form changes (limiting mass and scale), an infill bonus (preserving an existing front house to allow additional units on the same lot), and an affordability bonus (requiring a permanently affordable unit). Councilmembers and planning board members discussed the results, potential unintended consequences, and necessary complementary policies.
Discussion Items
- CPD staff Rob Haig and Andrew Webb, along with economist Arlene Taniwaki, presented the feasibility analysis for the urban context. They showed that limiting gross floor area reduces profitability for large single‑family homes (which remain feasible but less lucrative) while making missing‑middle options more attractive. The infill bonus can produce for‑sale rear units at a modeled sale price of $361,000 — less than half the cost of a typical new single‑family home under current rules. The affordability bonus is most feasible for double‑duplex and cottage court configurations; a four‑plex is not feasible for market‑rate developers due to building code costs.
- Councilmember Cashman expressed concern that reducing allowable floor area could lower property values and property taxes. Consultants noted the relationship is complex, dependent on improvements and market conditions, and that tax assessment lags.
- Councilmember Sawyer asked about the number of properties that could be affected citywide. Staff responded that even a small percentage uptake across a large area could yield significant new housing without overwhelming individual neighborhoods, particularly where alley access exists.
- Councilmember Flynn argued that a citywide blanket application would conflict with adopted plans and urged a more targeted approach near transit and centers. He also announced a concept, developed with Councilwoman Torres, to remove single‑unit development as a use by right in zone districts already allowing two or more units, to be discussed at an upcoming Budget and Policy meeting.
- Planning Board Vice Chair Fred Click raised concerns about limiting scale potentially reinforcing economic segregation, noting Denver’s existing economic and racial divides. He asked whether the affordability strategy relies primarily on affordable housing developers (confirmed). He also urged examining building code changes (e.g., transitioning from IBC to IRC) to improve feasibility for multiplexes.
- Councilmember Heidi asked about the ability to sell rear units via lot splits and raised infrastructure challenges such as water tap fees. Staff confirmed lot splits are permitted under current rules and noted Denver Water now offers discounts for additional taps on the same parcel. However, Metro Wastewater’s separate tap fee remains a barrier, as experienced with ADUs.
- Councilmember Caitlin queried whether maximum square footage ranges are still flexible and whether historic districts might see increased value. Staff said the numbers are still being refined and are based on peer city analysis.
- Councilwoman Campbell highlighted differences in the suburban and urban edge contexts, where few lots have alley access, and asked how the strategies would adapt. Staff acknowledged ongoing conversations and planned feasibility analysis for those contexts.
- Councilmember Rachel asked whether existing structures (e.g., basement conversions) had been evaluated rather than only new builds. Staff confirmed building code changes are needed to make such conversions viable, and that this work is continuing. She also asked about the criteria for a text amendment; staff cited consistency with adopted plans, public health/safety, general welfare, and uniformity.
- Councilwoman Torres (who had previously implemented overlays in Sunnyside and Potter Highlands) shared experience: limiting bulk planes and requiring pitched roofs successfully decreased large‑scale development in Sunnyside but pushed development to neighboring Sloan’s Lake, illustrating unintended consequences. She stressed that zoning is a blunt instrument and called for parallel policies on anti‑displacement, aging in place, and housing affordability — work being advanced by Councilwoman Torres and Councilmember Flynn.
Key Outcomes
- Preliminary economic feasibility findings presented; a full report including urban edge and suburban contexts is expected by summer 2026.
- No final decisions were made. The project remains in Phase 1, and any future proposals would require preservation of an existing front house to qualify for the infill or affordability bonuses.
- Upcoming community meetings were announced: first at Highland Recreation Center (District 1) and Cook Park Recreation Center (District 4), followed by meetings in Montbello and Athmar Park after spring break. Staff have posted flyers citywide and are engaging neighborhood organizations.
- Councilmembers emphasized the need for public participation and asked all attendees to help spread word about the meetings.
- Continued work on building code reforms, Denver Water fee policies, and other non‑zoning tools was identified as critical to the project’s success.
Meeting Transcript
It's time for a special session of City Council's Planning Board Working Group. Join us for City Council's Planning Board Working Group. Starting now, we're going to get our own. Kevin Flint, Southwest Denver's District Two. Amanda Sawyer, District Five. Melissa Mejia, Planning Board. Hi, DV Chair, Planning Board. Paul Cashman, South Denver District Six. Fred Click, Vice Chair of Planning Board. Alicia Conheuman Planning Board. Hi, everybody. My name is Sebastian Montenegro, Planning Board. Hi everyone, Andrew Webb, Community Planning and Development. And Rob Haig, uh CPD staff. Dear Drew Host for Planning Board. Well, okay. Well, um, are we gonna start with a presentation? Sure. Yes, I'm I'm happy to go ahead and get started as as people are walking in. That's what we'd like to do. Wonderful. Um, can you just check? And I think so. Okay, great. Sound good? Okay. All right. Well, thank you again uh for taking the time to meet with us. Uh Andrew and myself are going to give a quick presentation and update on the unlocking housing choices project, and then hopefully give uh a lot of time for discussion on what we're planning to share today. Um during today's meeting, we'll provide a quick reminder of what the project goals and strategies are, then we'll recap what we discussed in our last joint uh meeting as well as some other recent meetings that have happened uh in between our last meeting. Uh, and then we'll share uh some of the the preliminary uh financial feasibility findings. Um as a reminder, uh uh unlocking housing choices goals were developed using our adoptive plans and are uh to provide additional housing uh that's more compatible with the neighborhoods and more attainable to more Denver residents and is more plentiful by uh providing uh an improved supply. Uh the project will have two phases, and in the first phase, we are focused on missing middle housing approaches that center around uh affordability and preserving existing homes. Uh, phase two will then expand on these missing middle housing opportunities, but we're really excited about these strategies we have in phase one that we're developing. Um, as a reminder, these first phase strategies will reduce the mass and scale of new residential development in our low-scale residential neighborhoods and enable missing middle housing when an existing house is preserved, or when one of the uh new units uh is uh uh housing unit. Um quickly to recap on some recent meetings. Um during our last advisory committee meeting uh in early February. Also, during our last joint session with this group, we shared our phase one strategies that we had that previous slide showing. We got some great feedback on these strategies, including some potential unintended consequences and concerns about some of the plan guidance. So now we hope to build on that conversation and share what we learned during some of the preliminary financial feasibility study and those findings. So what is an economic feasibility analysis? So our financial feasibility study is being conducted by our consultant team for this project, which is Arland Studio Seed and Root Policy. Some of those members of those teams are here today to help answer some of the questions that might come from this group. And this study looks at the inputs from construction costs and land values derived from developer interviews, case studies, and other work into their proformas to test a variety of scenarios to understand what can be built and what would be built under current conditions, current zoning regulations, and proposed zoning rules with our three strategies. This financial feasibility analysis helps us determine whether individual property owners, conventional developers, and affordable developers might pursue the new housing options under our proposed rules. This study is focused right now on what we're going to look at the results of today on the urban context. And we're continuing to work on the urban edge in suburban context. But as we move forward, the assumptions that were made when we look at the locations, land values, lot sizes, all of that is based on the urban neighborhood context. So first we'll look at the economic feasibility impacts of our proposed form changes. These are the changes that we're looking to make to limit mass and scale of new residential development in our low-scale residential neighborhoods and how these relate to both single unit and missing middle housing development that would be allowed under the proposed rules in these areas.
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